Research On Electric Locomotive Car-body Weighing Adjustable Spring Test Stands

The equality of the locomotive’s wheel (axle) loads play an essential role in the traction performance, brake performance, and dynamic performance for high-speed and heavy-load locomotives. It is an effective way to ensure the equality of locomotive wheel (axle) loads by weigh and spring-adjustment test-rig of the locomotive car body.Based on analysis of the existing spring-adjustment model, the constructing method of the locomotive car body and the whole locomotive spring-adjustment model is studied by the basic theory of elasticity. The X locomotive car body and whole locomotive spring-adjustment model is built up. The influence of the primary and secondary spring-adjustment for the distribution of locomotive wheels (axles) load is studied. According to the DIN25045 standard, the six-axle electric locomotive car body spring-adjustment model under tension-free condition is bulit, and the calculating cushion mathematical formula is discussed.Based on the locomotive car body spring-adjustment model, the spring-adjustment process and the structruct feature of locomotive car body are studied, and the electric locomotive car body spring-adjustment optimization model is built. In comparison with the efficiency of genetic simulated annealing algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm is chosen as the optimization algorithm of locomotive car body spring-adjustment.According to the process and the technical conditions of locomotive car body spring-adjustment, the function constitutions and overall plan of the locomotive car body weigh and spring-adjustment test-rig are studied. The test-rig’s mechanical structure is calculated in detail by the finite element technology.The locomotive car body weigh and spring-adjustment test-rig software system is analyzed and designed, and the functions including user management, locomotive car body parameter settings, locomotive car body weigh and spring-adjustment, hardware communication, automatic report generation are realized by COM component and database technology. The calculation indicate that the spring-adjustment model, optimization model, optimization algorithm and software of the locomotive car body weigh and adjustment are reasonable, feasible and successful.