Qing Dynasty Twice By The Central Government Sent The Army Into The Hidden Research (1909-1913),

After the Opium War, The imperialist not only with artilleries and ships opened thedoor of China, but also according to unequal treaties interfered in China’s internalaffairs and invaded the border areas, including Tibet.In view of the crisis of Tibet, part of the Late Qing government officials insightedinto political situation, they wrote to the court and requsted to send troops into Tibet,inthe purpose of "consolidating Sichuan and defending Tibet". During the period of thefirst fleeing from Tibet of the13th Dalai Lama (1904-1909), the officials Zhang yintang,Lian yu and so on claimed that "taking back regime","making up and training newarmy"and"sending troops into Tibet". Finally, Qing court accepted theirs’ proposal andappointed Zhong Ying to lead1,700Sichuan new army (Chuan Jun) into Tibet.Soon, the mainland happened Xinhai revolution. When the news spread to Tibet,Chuan Jun and internal officials of Department of Grand Minister Resident Of Tibettook place differentiation and attacking. They were in the name of " Saving the Emperor"and "revolution" made waves and confusion in Tibet. As well as, in order to privategain, they united local PaoGe forces, so that, brought harassment for Tibet. Such actionsaroused Tibet authorities’ hatred and rebel. At the same time, ulterior motives of Tibetupper separatist forces and instigation planning of imperialism, Ultimately, leading toupgrade of Sichuan-Tibet military conflicts sharply. Because Chuan Jun quartered inTibet alone, firearms and food were very deficient and have no foreign aid, so that theywere sieged by Tibetan armies. Finally, Sichuan-Tibet two sides reached a "agreement"with the "help "of Britain-Indian Authorities and Chuan Jun were escorted and expelledfrom the Tibetan in turn.Along with the "Driving Han" of Tibetan authorities, the13th Dalai Lama with the"help "of imperialism, not only instigated Kham’s temples and local chieftains rebelled,but also sent troops to invade Chuanbian that had been carried out reform of chieftainsto bureaucrats by Zhao erfeng during the Late Qing Dynasty,and then these areas wereoccupied by old restoration forces. In the face of arrogance of the imperialism and theTibet upper reactionary powers and request of western expedition which raised by manygenerals,the Government Of The Republic Of China decided to send theSichuan-Yunnan army to quelled rebel forces and continue westward into Tibet, inorder to rescue Chuan Jun (led by Zhong Ying during The Late Qing Dynasty)whomwas trapped, and completed historic mission that had not yet finished ago. TheSichuan-Yunnan army recovered basically Chuanbian during three months, but British imperialists was on pins and needles. In order to prevent the Sichuan-Yunnan armyfrom going into Tibet, British imperialists played the "diplomacy" means once againand required Yuan shikai government to stop the military action. For his politicalpurpose,Yuan had to compromise and halted Sichuan-Yunnan army into Tibet finally.AS far as Western Expedition of Sichuan-Yunnan army during the early Republic OfChina was concerned, not only completed historical missions,but also failed to go intoTibet, what a lamentable!Although two military actions for Tibet during the Late Qing Dynasty and the earlyRepublic Of China all ended in failure, they were very important in Chinese history andleft us infinite reverie and thinking. This paper mainly to analyze cause,results and thereason of failure of two military actions that implemented by government of The LateQing dynasty and government of Republic Of China during The Late Qing Dynasty andThe early Republic Of China (1909-1913).