Research On Minimum Living Security System In Ethnic Rural Areas

China is a multinational country which consists of the Hans and other55minorities. Inspite of having a small population size, the minority lives in relatively large areas. Thevast land of the Midwest of our country is an underdeveloped area inhabited by ethnicgroups including54minorities except the Li nationality. The Midwest, where groupsminority people, is not only an area where the majority of poor people live but also anmain battle field where our nation’s anti-poverty policies fight for the interests of thepoor. Our nation has been focusing on the economic development and people’slivelihood in ethnic areas. Especially with the open-policy and economic systemreform, some people’s living conditions have been improved enormously due to theanti-poverty policies’ success. However, poverty still exists, torturing the ethnicpeople.The priority of rural social security in ethnic areas always is to get rid of poverty. Itmust take a great effort to put into consideration the characteristics of ethnic rural areasin order to get the problems resolved. I made a10days field research in Majiang、Sansui county, GuiZhou province in summer holiday in2010and another10days fieldresearch in Tongdao、Zhijiang county, Hunan province in2011. Through the collectionand analysis of numerous fist-hand data and materials, I attempt to provide somerelated suggestions on how to resolve the existing problems of the Minimum LivingSecurity System in order to improve living situations in ethnic areas.This assay, concerning the situation and characteristics of porverty in ethnic areas,comprehensively analyzes factors that generate poverty and necessity of the MinimumLiving Security System as well as its special significance. This assay affirms theexcellent performance of the Minimum Living Security System, while points someproblems that still exist within “top-design”、policy institution and operation of thesystem, including that security standards in different regions and security expenditurelevels still exist and incline to enlarge; regional fiscal burdens do not balance; targeting mechanism and dynamic management have flaws; hardware and software of MinimunLiving Security services need to be perfected. All of these weaken the effectiveness ofthis system. Concerning these problems, this assay presents some dominant factorssuch as lack of laws、the weakness of regional fisical power、farmers’ low culturalquality and so on and makes some targeted suggestion. For example, make” MinimumLiving Security Act”; promote the pluralism of channels of raising fund; rationalizearrangement of the funds of Minimum Living Security; innovate targeting mechanism;perfect the combination of every public systems; perfect dynamic managementmechanism; perfect the construction of service systems of Minimum Living Securitysystem.Minimum Living Security System, without any doubt, probably is an ideal choice. Itemploys scientific measures to calculate a standard line in order to cover more peoplewho are truly qualified of receiving monetary assistances. The Minimum LivingSecurity System, with its ultimate goal to resolve the basic living problems of poorpeople, not only benefits a number of people but also demonstrate a spirit of mutualassistance. After its implement, the system undergoes modification and developmentand shows a positive influence on the poor’s living conditions.