Comparative Study On Smith And Rawls’ View Of Justice

By comparing both theories, to correctly understand the difference between boththeories in liberalism, which means significance for building the value system insocialism, and which also be useful for building harmonious society in view ofideological and political education. This paper mainly used comparative approach totry to relate the theories to practice, from generalizing the different background of timeof both to comparatively analyze Smith’s and Rawls’ theory of justice, and based onnational reality to have a critically application.Both Smith and Rawls are the elites of liberalism in market economy and thetime of social transformation. By comparative approach, both theories can objectivelyrealized freedom and equality, and criticized the opposite sides. Both theories thinkhighly of the meaning of emotion and care the disadvantaged minority. Both theoriesexpected that a perfect society, which includes common prosperity and harmoniousatmosphere in society. Smith appointed the proper idea, Rawls appointed the idea ofstability. Both theories shared a same point that accomplished a harmonious society.Smith’s theory means unlimited free, with the use of emotion to adjust the socialorders. Rawls’ theory tried to limited free and changed inequality by social system.Smith emphasized that poor people should accept their fate in market economy, butRawls insisted that government should adjust and control for protect the equality. Bycompare both theories, which can be seen that Smith emphasized the personalsubjective impulse more than Rawls, but Rawls saw the education as the key to people,which better than Smith. Both theories tried to defend capitalism; therefore, we shouldstudy them with hand of Marxism in view of ideological and political education.