| Electoral district means those districts divided by a country or a region aimed for direct elections. In a modern democratic country, electoral district, as the basic unit of citizens to realize their democratic rights (mainly voting rights), its’ways of dividing will greatly affect citizen’s political and legal rights. The electoral district only in a state of rational dividing can it really protects and achieves democracy. To some extent, rational electoral districts are the basic democracy protection, are the basic systems of representatives, and also are the basic skills of modern elections.Presently, the continuously improvement of Chinese socialist construction of democracy and legal systems, will heavily promote the masses’willingness to political participation and enhancement of rights awareness.More specifically, the election systems reflecting modern values has integrated into people’s lives. But when it comes to election itself, the direct election has involved in the problem of electoral districts, In our country’s elections, mainly points to the levels of court and town’s election of people’s congress deputies.Actually, according to the related rules regulated by <electoral act>, the qualification of voters, including assignment, confirmation, distribution of numbers, nomination and recommendation are all on the basis of electoral district. At the same time, electoral district is also the basic region for NPC deputies to perform their duties, such as listening to voters’voices, adapting voters’advices, accepting voter’s inspections. After all, all these activities are depended on a reasonable electoral district, only in this way can them get a normal, orderly, and high-quality way. The operating of Electoral districts well or not, reasonable or not, can not only directly affect the whole success of election, but also able to affect the realization of democracy.In2010, our country’s<electoral act> has made its fifth amendment, Though the existing electoral districts systems for basic level elections has improved a lot, it still presented lots of limitations. Firstly, our country’s subject of dividing electoral districts-the electoral commission, is temporary and non-litigation, will lead to the operation of election lack of connectivity and make those who are not agree with dividing electoral districts not able to receive legal help, more ever, the staffs and discussion rules are also not clear. Secondly, from the view of dividing objects and foundations, the rules of dividing election districts by production units will lead to those votes obey their leaders, making them lack representativeness, and the floating population’s voting rights are also not regulated in details, lastly, the procedure of dividing electoral districts, the voting commission’s established time and the time of publication results are both not regulated by law.In summary, to strengthen the research on dividing electoral districts is not only very necessary in theory, but also very urgent in our daily political life, it should also be a focus problem in the research of electoral legal systems. When it comes to the research ways of such a problem, firstly, started from the basic theory of dividing electoral districts, comparing the systems of dividing electoral districts in different times and regions, concluded their common nature, analyzing the current situation and dilemmas of our current basic level elections and found out the difficulty in current systems of dividing electoral districts, then, after a deep thought on the improvement of the systems of dividing electoral districts, proposing a plan, that’s saying the create basic theory in dividing electoral districts, imaging boldly establish a permanent commission in charge of dividing electoral districts in people’s congress, and offering my views on amending our current election law so as to promote the development and advancement of progress of socialism and rule by law with Chinese characteristics. |
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