In 1961 The United States A Test-ban Negotiations

During the developing history of nuclear weapons, only the former USSR and USA have enough nuclear warheads which could ruin the whole human civilization, therefore the confliction or communication between the two countries has an important reflection to world situation. Communication about the nuclear weapon between USSR and USA starts with nuclear test ban negotiations, but ending up with nuclear weapon test competition, which has an important experience for us to notice and summarize.In my point of view, the Kennedy Government worked hard to reach a nuclear test ban agreement in1961, but the verification institution that they insist on is an important factor in the rupture of the negotiations. This is because:first, the verification information is fragmented, fragments, the results of verification are correct according to the work of interpretation, the information obtained will be less in times of crisis, which led to the decline of the importance of verification; second, with the development of intercontinental ballistic missiles, even if the verification information is completely correct, it can only provide up to30minutes of preparation time; third, verification not only will not bring ease, but also likely to exacerbate tensions situation, because any inspection breach are likely to be used offensively, which will be easier to lead the two sides’showdown.In the long run, the deep mistrust between the United States and the Soviet Union have a serious impact on the negotiations process; Second, technical problems, significantly constrain the progress of the negotiations, including the seismic detection of nuclear tests and nuclear test satellite detection system; Third, the difference of the US-Soviet negotiations objectives lead to failure of negotiations, the United States in1961, had an urgent requirement to resolve the goal of nuclear test ban, this time the Soviet Union’s interest has shifted to full disarmament and, more importantly, the Soviet Union’s nuclear test pressure is larger, since the Vienna talks Khrushchev has decided to resume nuclear testing; Finally, there is not to grasp the correct negotiating culture between the United States and the Soviet Union, both sides put forward some extreme conditions, which lead the negotiations to a propaganda tool.