India, China And Renewable Energy: A Comparative Policy Analysis. Focus On Wind Energy

Starting from the21st Century, the world has become increasingly concerned withthe global environmental degradation issue, which appears to be in a state of irreversiblecrisis. It has been twenty years since the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, and humanityis still on the road to achieving a sustainable future. Although governments are eager tofind a concrete solution for the global environmental emergency which jeopardizes theprospects of future generations; the global decision making process has founddifficulties in achieving consensus.This paper will analyze and compare the sustaining policies, which support andencourage the increase of renewable energy consumption and production, in India andChina. These two countries play a major role in the struggle against climate change dueto the impact of their fast economic and demographic growth. In order to effectivelyhighlight the different policies and goals between China and India, wind energy will beanalyzed as a case study. Wind energy is a renewable, predictable, clean energy sourceand also one of the cheapest sources of electrical energy available. Indeed, from2001to2010, the wind energy has been installed around many places in the world, with fastergrowth in comparison with the other renewable energy.China and India are promoting renewable energy with the support of their policy,which are using different strategies. The two countries have reached diverse results onthe consumption and the production availability of renewable energy. China reached, in2010, the first global position in production and consumption of renewable energy,where the production is much higher than the consumption. While India reached, in2010, the second global position in production of renewable energy, but just the sixthposition on the consumption of it. There is a gap between what the countries produceand what they are able to use. As both China and India have a big capacity on windenergy development; it is important to understand why China reached the first globalposition and India can’t grow as China and which are the different policies support onthe development of wind energy.