On The Defect And Perfection Of The UN Collective Security Mechanism

The UN collective security mechanism is a kind of guarantee mechanismcreated by the international community to explore the way to maintain their ownsecurity and the international order, which aims to protect all members againstany aggression and destruction through collective means of coercion. This paperreviews the evolution from the League of Nations to the United Nations’collective security mechanism, points out the insufficiency of the UnitedNations’ collective security mechanism and the resulting impaction under theCharter of the United Nations and also analyzes the realistic predicament of thecollective security mechanism out of the mechanism, Finally, in accordance withthe problems put forward the reform and improvement proposal.The first section introduces the background and definitions of the collectivesecurity mechanism. On the basis of analyzing the international situation and themeans taken by all countries to achieve their own security before the end of theFirst World War, the thoughts that thinking the power of the individual and not enough to protect their own safety, only the means of collective can maintaininternational peace and security began to sprout, After comparing the theory ofMorgenthau, Hans Kelsen, and Johnson, collective security is defined as acombination strategy, which means achieve a consortium of non-aggressionprotocol in a group of countries, and take collective mutual protection measureswhen a country is attacked by the other members.The second part reviews the historical development of the UN collectivesecurity mechanism.From the concept of collective security and its practice ofthe League of Nations to the specific provisions on collective security and itspractice of the United Nations,Considering that because of the loophole ofCovenant of the League of Nations on the issue of stopping the war, and thepower division of the League of Nations General Assembly and the League ofNations Administrative Institute is not clear, and also lacking of inforcementmeasures,leading to the League of Nation failed to play a role in keepingcollective security,sit back the outbreak of the Second World War.Compared tothe League of Nations, the United Nations collective security is more specific and perfect on the purpose of Legislative,organization and sanctions, whichpromote the UN Security Council to make full use of the collective securitymechanism in practice and made a series of achievements.The third part elaborate the problems and shortcomings of the mechanismfrom aspects of both the inherent contradictions of the security mechanisms ofthe United Nations and the realistic predicament, the inherent contradictionsmainly including that the peace and aggression are not clearly defined, theweakness of principle of power line, the United Nations operationmechanism incomplete, and security mechanism is lack of powerful sanctionstools act.Realistic predicament mainly including the challenges of the UnitedNations security bring by regional organizations, the reality restrict of politicspower in international relations, and the Member States lack of full confidenceof the mechanism due to the the impaction of traditional view of sovereignty.The fourth part puts forward a sound proposal mainly around the defects ofthe UN collective security mechanism.Considering that limiting the scope of theveto, using the principle of consensus to improve the veto mechanism,to improve the sanctions mechanism of collective security through theestablishment of United Nations forces, and bring some recommendations on theformation of the armed forces, command and military spending. In addition,through the strengthening of contacts and exchanges between the major powersand the establishment of a crisis response mechanism to improve thecoordination and balances between the great powers Finally, put forward thatshould make full use of regional international organizations to achieve thepurposes of maintaining international peace and security together with the UNcollective security mechanism.