Overseas Chinese Of Late Qing Dynasty And Security Strategies Of China

In all ages, every dynasty has its safety strategy. Its formulation and evenimplementation is the result of integrated factors, which include: the age it is in, theruler, the ministers who participate in decision-making, etc.. Especially in moderntimes, China were facing an unprecedented change that the countries who have beenliving alone from each other begin to form a close contact and international relationsbecome complex and variable. At the same time, the rulers in china also have to dealwith surging domestic peasant uprisings at that time. So to set down its nationalsecurety strategy become extremely important. At present, the problems of SouthChina Sea, Taiwan Strait, Northeast Asia etc. are all related to China’s nationalsecurity. The thesis aims to study the success or failure of the process of nationalsecurity strategy’s formulation and implementation in modern times and provide forothers to see.The history of overseas Chinese going abroad is very long which can be tracedback to the Qin Dynasty. Till Tang Dynasty, the number of Chinese who settle abroadbegin to increase, which is seen as the beginning of the history of overseas Chinese’going abroad. From Tang Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty, the mayority of overseasChinese go to the Southeast Asia. Since the Ming Dynasty, because of thedevelopment of productive forces and the increasingly close link between countriesof the world, things begin to change: From Korea and Japan to the eastern coastalareas of India, from the upstream of Burma’s Irrawaddy River to Indonesia’s eachgroup of Islands, you can see overseas Chinese everywhere the number of which hasreached more than1million. The climax of large-scale overseas Chinese’going abroadturns up after the Opium War, destined for Europe, the Americas and other places,thus gradually formed the situation that overseas Chinese spread all over the world.The impact on the national security in that age of such a long time and large scale ofoverseas migration is worth noting. Currently, the research of academia for overseasChinese is very extensive, but the research for national security is just started which ismostly about the countries’ security strategies as well as the influence and impact of them on each other and the world after1949. Rarely link the two together. Especiallyafter the Opium War, the situation of the overseas Chinese’s migration, theircontribution to the national security after their going abroad and their new historicalmission that safeguard national security given by the rulers in the late Qing when theyset down national security strategies are the main content the thesis aims to explore,hoping can be helpful for the future generations.The thesis is divided into four parts:Part1: Give a brief description of national security strategy of China and the situationof ancient overseas Chinese’s going abroad. Mainly elaborates various dynasties’national security strategy and changes in the overseas Chinese’s going abroad,especially the impact of the latter on the former.Part2: Briefly narrates the changes of international relation in late Qing according towhich China has adjusted her national security strategy. Chiefly introducessuggestions given by each dynasty’s important ministers. And sum up changes of therulers’ national security strategy in late Qing Dynasty.Part3: Mainly tells situations of overseas Chinese’s going abroad and changes of therulers’ attitude torward it in late Qing. It focuses on the influence of overseasChinese to the national safety during the process of making national security strategyin late Qing Dynasty.Part4: Through LiHongzhang’s correspondences tells the formulation of nationalsecurity strategy and the predicaments of it in late Qing. It focuses on finding out themethods and the general trend of the rulers’formulating national security strategy inlate Qing and analyzing difficulties of the formulation.Part5: Summarizes the tendency of the late Qing Dynasty’s national security strategy.Especially study the influence these strategies made to the future generations.