Social Enterprises:the New Strength Of Rural Poverty Alleviation And Development

Poverty is as long and forever as the history of human society.The development of productivity,technological innovation,the accumulation of wealth and the differentiation in the rich and the poor,always can’t wear the stigma of poverty.This is a thorny issue faced by all countries in the world.As a developing country,China’s vast territory and large population make the poverty issue diverse and serious.The urban-rural dual economic form make a large number of poor Chinese be concentrated in relatively backward rural areas.We develop the productive forces along with fighting against poverty.All along, the rural poverty alleviation and development work is the focus of the work of the government.However, at present,China’s rural poverty situation is still grim.Since the founding of China,the strategy of rural poverty reduction has undergone three stages,Social assisting poverty fighting stage,Institutional innovation-oriented poverty alleviation stage and Development-oriented poverty alleviation stage.However,China’s Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development work is conducted under the guidance of the government,neglecting the participation of social forces and the poor.This has resulted in the aggravation of the financial burden of the Government,low efficiency in poverty alleviation and poor people backing to poverty problems.Based on cost-effectiveness considerations,enterprises are often not keen on investment to the area of poverty alleviation,which costs greatly but successes little.Facing with the government failure and market failure in rural poverty alleviation,as a combination of public service and commercial,social enterprises become a medicine in saving the poverty alleviation predicament.Social enterprises has its own advantages and characteristics in the area of rural poverty alleviation,for example, strong flexibility, the pursuit of social mission,not treating profits distribution as enterprise operating purposes,interacting with poor groups. This can not only meet the diverse needs of the poor farmers,ensure the achievement of poverty alleviation objectives, promote the interaction of poor farmers,but also can ensure the effectiveness of poverty alleviation.Social enterprises can not only create opportunities and conditions for economic development in poor rural areas,but also can provide help and guidance for poor farmers to improve their concept and diathesis.However,the external law is imperfect,state management is not standardized,social advocacy is low, the situation of the rural poor is still severe,and social enterprises exist so many problems in the field of rural poverty alleviation.This creates restricts for social enterprises in playing a role in rural poverty alleviation and development work.So,we should establish the external environment support and improve the internal management of social enterprises.For example,the improvement of the law,the improvement of management,the popularity of publicity,and the improvement of social enterprise management and operation.It’s a direction that the rural poverty alleviation is carried on under the cooperation of social enterprises,the the government,businesses and non-profit organizations.This article uses historical analysis,literature survey,data collection and case study method to study the history and current situation of rural poverty alleviation and development.On this basis,the paper explains the problems existing in rural poverty alleviation,such as government failure and market failure,and introduces social enterprises. After the introduction of social enterprises’own advantages and characteristics in rural poverty alleviation,this paper raises obstacles and problems,such as the lack of external legal,poor management and social enterprises’internal problems.Last,this paper proposes solutions from both inside and outside and makes a small outlook about the future of rural poverty alleviation.