| The quality of higher education has been a hot issue worldwide. How to assess the quality of higher education so far there are still controversial, there is no uniform standard. The academic quality of higher education on the various evaluation methods can be grouped into two categories: external resource evaluation and internal value-added evaluation. Traditional higher education quality evaluation method is an external resource evaluation, with emphasis on the evaluation of the resources invested, and social reputation in the external environment, emphasizing the hard targets and input indicators, the lack of analysis of the core elements that truly reflects the quality of teaching, ignoring survey of the subject of education "students" learning experience. Students’ learning experiences is an important benchmark to reflect the quality of higher education, and evaluation of the quality of higher education should be concerned with the problem. Based on this understanding, the growing number of scholars began to pay attention to the student body, concerned about students’ learning experiences. American scholar George Library "learning investment" theory, the theory emphasizes student-centered, and to evaluate the students’ learning experiences. National students to participate in the survey that "NSSE is Indiana University, USA on the basis of this theory, R&D", and was formally launched in the U.S. in2000, after years of development and revision of the social and universities widely recognized, the United States the quality of undergraduate education to make a great contribution. Tsinghua University in2008, presided over the introduction of the survey tool, after cultural adaptation to the formation of good reliability and validity of the study of Chinese college students put into the investigation "(NSSE is-China), and a nationwide investigation.In this study, Tsinghua University Chinese Students’ Learning put into the investigation "(NSSE is-China), combined with the Chongqing Municipal Higher Education in the actual preparation of the University Students learning questionnaire, trying to understand the learning of college students of Chongqing University inputs. The questionnaire contains five indicators: student-teacher interaction, active cooperative learning, the degree of students’ academic challenges, the richness of the educational experience and campus environment, the degree of support. Differences in these five indicators by universities and the National College of comparison Chongqing, Chongqing City, the three Universities of the differences between the different grades of the index score analysis the following conclusions:(1) Found on the comparative analysis of three main types of colleges and universities in Chongqing Municipality and the national norm in the five comparable indicators, the score pattern of Chongqing City, the three colleges in the five comparable indicators is very similar to the campus environment to support the highest score, lowest score of the student-teacher interaction indicators. Overall, the score of the Chongqing Municipal institutions in the five comparable indicators are below the national average norm.(2) By institutions in Chongqing City, three categories corresponding level institutions norm score in the five comparable indicators found:Chongqing City,"985" In addition to the academic challenges givers of the four indicators scores were significantly lower than the national "985" institutions norm score; Chongqing City,"211" institutions in the academic challenges of indicators, scores these three indicators of the student-teacher interaction, the degree of support of the campus environment with nature lower than the national211institutions norm score; Chongqing Municipal Local Colleges and indicators of the degree of support of the campus environment was significantly lower than the norm score of the country to undergraduate institutions, the other four indicators between the two there is no significant difference.(3) Found that:comparative analysis by the score of the five indicators between the three main types of institutions in Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing City,"211" institutions in the academic challenges indicators lower scores significantly lower than985institutions and local undergraduate institutions;"211" institutions and the local colleges in the indicators of active cooperative learning There are significant sex differences, local colleges better than "211" institutions;"211institutions and local colleges indicators of student-teacher interaction found between the existence of significant sex differences in local colleges better than "211" colleges situation;"985" and "211" colleges in Chongqing Municipality in the richness of the educational experience indicators of significant sex differences,"985" score was significantly lower than the score of "211" institutions.(4) Based on the analysis of gender differences in boys and girls in the five indicators of effect size, there are four indicators is negative, indicating that boys perform as well as girls in the four indicators; different gender students in active cooperative learning score on the level indicator there are significant differences; average score of the girls in the remaining four indicators were higher than boys, but the score gap in about1minute, the test does not exist significant differences.(5) Based on the analysis of the grade differences in indicators of academic challenge, first-year students score significantly lower than sophomore score; SFI indicators of student-teacher interaction, a senior and freshman, sophomore and junior students were significant differences in scores on the indicators, and senior students scored higher than the freshman, sophomore, junior and student score sophomore; SCE indicators of the degree of support of the campus environment, the lowest score was significantly lower than large a, juniors and seniors score.This study shows that students’ learning of Chongqing inputs compared to the national norm there are some shortcomings:lack of academic challenges of college students in Chongqing Municipality; active cooperation in a weak sense of learning; apparent shortage of teacher-student interaction; education experience is lacking; advantages and disadvantages of different grades in the five indicators. Based on the above the following recommendations:Chongqing City colleges and universities should help students develop good independent learning habits, good self-learning facilities and atmosphere to the students, and enhance the awareness of college students’ academic challenges, to promote their independent learning; the implementation of quality education and the system level of protection for the effective conduct of cooperative learning, develop students’ active spirit of cooperation and ability to cooperate; to strengthen the active role of teachers in student-teacher interaction, take full advantage of the role of seniors; colleges and universities to explore and implement activities which are conducive to the development of students to promote the overall development of students, to provide students with more overseas learning opportunities to enrich students’ educational experience; different care should be taken for different grades of students to colleges and universities.This study draws on a survey tool, high reliability and validity in the field of higher education abroad, the large-scale sample survey of the national undergraduate education assessment, practical research on the quality of university education in China has a certain reference to a certain extent can compensate for the deficiencies of our education and teaching assessment. |
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