The Education Of Studying Abroad Of Tianjin During The Late Qing And Early Republic And The Modernization Of Education Of Tianjin

The Education of Studying Abroad is an important part of Education of Tianjin during the Late Qing and Early Republic. In1876, in order to establish the Northern navy, Li Hongzhang selected seven soldiers went to Germany to study military, it is the beginning of the education of studying abroad of Tianjin during the Late Qing. Many students studying abroad returned to Tianjin and engaged in education, they played an important role in the development of modern education of Tianjin. This article discusses the development of the education of studying abroad of Tianjin during the Late Qing and Early Republic and its affect to the modern education of Tianjin. It includes five parts:The preface introduces the reason of selecting this topic, the core concepts, summary of previous studies, the significance of the study, the thinking and methods, the emphasis, the difficulties and innovation.The first part introduces the historical background of the beginning of the education of studying abroad of Tianjin during the Late Qing. The first section is the rising of the western countries and the outbreak of the twice Opium War. the second section is the introduction of Western culture and the opening of the Westernization Movement.The second part introduces the development of the education of studying abroad of Tianjin during the Late Qing and Early Republic. Firstly is the beginning stage, it is from1860to1900, the education of studying abroad of this stage was an important part of the Westernization Movement. The numbers off the students were less, most of them were public expense students, most students went to Japan and Britain, France, Germany. They mainly studied military. Secondly is the prosperity stage, it is from1901to1911, there has a large development of studying Japan, studying America and studying Europe, the numbers of the students studying abroad and countries all increased, their specialties were extensive, the quality of studying abroad improved. Thirdly is the adjustment stage, it is from1912to1928, studying Japan dropped, but its quality increased, studying spots shifted from Japan to America, there were some difficulties of studying Europe.The third part introduces the affect of returned students to the modernization of education of Tianjin in three aspects. Some returned students presided over the educational administration, they promoted the education reform in depth, secondly, some returned students used the new philosophy of education to manage all types of schools at all levels, thirdly, some returned students served as teachers in all types of schools at all levels, they improved the quality of teachers.Conclusion discourses many problems of the development of the education of studying abroad of Tianjin during the Late Qing and Early Republic, and the reference they provided.