The Study Of Physical Condition And Influence Factors Of The Rural Letf-behind Children Between9to12Years Old In Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture

National Physical Fitness is not only the material basis of the economicdevelopment and social progress of a nation，but also an important part of thecomprehensive national strength， the precious wealth of a country.The physical andmental quality of a nation is a kind of material resource，that play an irreplaceable rolein the modernization of our country.Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture， also known asthe Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture，has43ethnic groups； the minority has apopulation of1，967，096，accounting for77.21%of the permanent residentpopulation..Among them， Tujia population is1，089，301， accounting for42.75%；Hmong population is863，141， accounting for33.88%. At present， the research onthe students’ physical of this national is very rare.While，it could not only provide thetheory basis to improve the physical condition and physical teaching reform of Miao，Tujia nationalities； but also accumulate abundant and reliable information forAnthropology and physical science study，to master physical development trends andinfluencing factors of the school-age children of the two notionalities.The study randomly select9to12-year-old school-age rural children leftbehind.They are: Aizai Elementary School，Shuangxi Primary School of Guzhang Townand Daxing Primary School, and so on, a total of18primary schools.The study testedthe body shape， body function， exercise capacity and physical fitness of2380ruralchildren left behind，at the age between9with12years old，of Tujia， Miao and Hannationalities in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture.We make sure of their age and that ifthey meet the conditions of the children left behind of Tujia and Miao nationalitiesthrough a questionnaire，before the physical fitness test. This paper used the sportssurveying method to measure the students’ body shape， respiratory function， physicalindicators；and process the data with the methods of mean compare，correlation analysisand chi-square test.The results show that:1. The body shape of rural left-behind children between9to12years old inXiangxi Autonomous Prefecture: the height， weight， chest circumference， waistcircumference， buttocks of the boys and girls grow along with the age.And the basictrend of the races is the Han nationality>Tujia nationality>Miao nationality. As well asthe height， weight， sitting height.2. Physical function of rural left-behind children between9to12years old inXiangxi Autonomous Prefecture: On the whole，the Systolic pressure of the boys andgirls appears rising tend，the variation of diastolic pressure does not have a law.The vital capacity grows with age，has a basic agreement to height， weight. And the basictrend of the races is the Han nationality>Tujia nationality>Miao nationality.3. Physical quality of of rural left-behind children between9to12years old inXiangxi Autonomous Prefecture:the quality of speed， strength， endurance increaseprogressively with age. And the basic trend of the races is the Han nationality>Tujianationality>Miao nationality.4.In Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture， left-behind children in rural areas can adaptto the residential area of the natural environment.So most parents not only don’t havethe habit to urge their children to exercise，but also haven’t the ability and conscious toteach their children the knowledge of physique.The equipment in the school gymnasiumcouldn’t satisfy the needs of the students，because of lack. Different gender of studentswould choose different sport items.The boys like the collective project just like ballgames which need cooperation，while girls prefer to walking， running， gymnasticsand other projects.Suggestions:We should establish the correct concept of "health first"，and makeclear the purpose of the school sports work.Secondly， Play the local and nationaladvantage，to improve the teaching method of physical education，enrich the content ofphysical education.Thirdly， enrich the content of spare groups’ exercise by enrichreasonable organization，and actively participating.At last，with the correct Guide bysocial， school and teacher， allocate sports resources reasonably.