Primary And Middle School Students "individual Citizens" Identity And Individual Citizens' Education Research

China is under tremendously social transformation now, which inevitable leads to the transformation of education. The center of automatic educational transformation is the transformation of human beings and citizens are essential for the transformation of contemporary Chinese. Therefore, citizenship education is crucial to the transformation of contemporary Chinese education. Among all these identities, individual identity is the most basic. Given the situation that the period of primary and secondary school is a critical stage for citizenship formation, Therefore, it is especially important to conduct citizenship identification education and private citizenship education in primary and secondary schools in this particular time.This paper gives an overview on the historical development of citizen identity domestically and abroad and exposit the historical rationality and necessity of "individual citizen" in China, upon which I analyze the connotation of "individual citizen" and argue that its connotation contains two parts:semantic structure and hierarchical structure. The semantic structure contains individual consciousness, knowledge, morality and behavior of individual citizens. The hierarchical structure contains "independent man","economic man" and "political man". According to the orientation of these two structures, this paper lists more than twenty fundamental qualities that "individual citizens" should have and designs the questionnaire of individual citizenship identification investigation. According to the result of questionnaire, I also construct an idealistic theory of individual citizenship education in primary and secondary schools. The key characteristics of individual citizenship education include cultivation of independent personality as premise and rights and obligations unification bases on right priority as core. The practical contents of individual citizenship education mainly include subjectivity education, right education, obligation education and negotiation education. In the meantime, as a theory of individual citizenship education in schools and in order to form the guarantee of its system, school administrative system, student union, student organizations and societies all have to be reconstructed...