Research On Teaching Method Of "the Earth And Map" In Middle School Geography

Study on the teaching methods of geography is an eternal subject ofteaching and research, an important research topic of the normal departmentof the education ministry in twenty-first Century geographical curriculumreform, by a wide margin, and is the key to improve the teaching quality,directly affects the cultivation of talents of specifications and quality. For themiddle school geography,＂the earth and map＂is the basic to study thegeographical knowledge, which is essential for geographical study too. We allknow that It has been a difficulty for all the time through questionnaire fromsome students and interviews of teachers, the content of＂the earth and map"has been is a difficult point, for the teacher, the method of how to teaching isalso a difficult one. Only through the effective teaching methods, can studentsand teachers acquire this part of knowledge. Under such an environment thisarticle is to identify a problem about "Teaching method research of ’ the earthand map ’in middle school geography" on this topic.The paper mostly uses questionnaire method, interviewing method,inductive method, archival. Here are the following conclusions from stages ofstudy of the teaching method research, the design of teaching method, and thedetermination of teaching method.(1) From the geography curriculum standards, the teaching method ofgeography of our junior high school has experienced three historical stages:old geography curriculum standard stage (1902-1948) before liberation,geography teaching syllabus stage (1949-2000) After new China was founded,in which includes two periods: before the promulgation of CompulsoryEducation Law(1949-1985), after the promulgation of the compulsoryeducation law (1986-2000), after the new geography curriculum standardspromulgating (2001-). In our country, the evolution of junior high schoolgeographical teaching has three characteristics: First, pay attention to theheuristic teaching and inquiry learning. Second, continuously strengthen the object teaching, pay attention to the modern teaching media. Third, teachingidea in constant change.(2)There are fifty geographic concepts, fifty geographical phenomenonabout the earth and map, and thirty-three geographic concepts and fivegeographical phenomena. There are seventeen geo-concepts in the knowledgeof map, in which it did not involve geographic phenomena points. Of allgeographical concepts, it is very of importance to thirty-seven points ofcomprehension of knowledge and to pay attention to thirteen ones ofcultivation of capacity. Respectively, the network of latitude and longitudeand using itself to orientates the position, distinguishes the direction of themon the map, seeks effective information according to map three elements,measures and calculates the distance of using scale, distinguishes the directionfrom beacon, judges different parts of the mountain of using the contourcharacteristic.It has five types of terrain. Geographical phenomena mainlyfocus on the understanding of knowledge.(3) The key and difficult points of " the earth and map" mainly adoptseleven kinds of teaching methods, which chiefly include: cosplay,conversation, games, group cooperative learning method, comparative methodand inductive method, graphic method, demonstration method, experimentalmethod, explain method, independent inquiry method and so on.To solve the problem of how to learn by students and how to teach byteachers over the knowledge of "the earth and map",to make the studentobtain knowledge of the earth and map through the effective teachingmethod,to make a solid foundation to prepare for further study on geography,to master both of tools of geographic learning for a better further study on it,to learn the available things of geography in daily life and helpful things ofgeography for a perpetual development, which all will lead to a better life.