Study On The Development Of The New Chinese Minority Population Policy

China is a unified, multi-national country; it includes Han and55ethnic minorities. Thedevelopment of the ethnic minority areas has always been an important social realistic problemof concern. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the socio-economicdevelopment in ethnic minority areas has been attached great importance by the national and alllevels of governments，and the harmonious development of minority areas has become animportant part of promoting China’s economic development and social progress. In recent years,China’s ethnic minority areas has made remarkable achievements in the process of reform andopening up, not only the rapid development of socio-economic and per capita standard of livingof the ethnic minority areas has also been significantly improved. But population problems ofthe minority areas has become increasingly prominent along with the social and economicdevelopment, and is becoming one of the serious constraints of the main factors of developmentand progress of the ethnic minority areas, and directly affects the process of building a well-offand harmonious society in the region and the country. Therefore, a comprehensive and in-depthstudy of the ethnic minority population policy, to explore solve the problem of the nationalpopulation of the region to provide a good population environment for the harmoniousdevelopment of ethnic regions, has become the major practical issues to promote nationaleconomic and social development. This paper is mainly from the following aspects to Study onthe development of the New Chinese minority population policy.The first part, the paper describes the theoretical basis and practical basis of new Chineseminority population policy, and use our previous census data to analyze the developmentsituation of China’s ethnic minority population，then comes to the conclusions:(1) excessivegrowth of China’s ethnic minority population has been effectively controlled;(2) the quality ofthe minority population has improved significantly, but the overall level is still relatively low;(3)minority population structure has become more prominent: in the age structure, aging problemsbegan to appear, and the child dependency relatively high; in the sex structure, the totalpopulation sex ratio is higher in the most of the minority than the national average in the sameperiod, and we should attach great importance to it; in employment structure, the number ofprimary industry employment have obvious advantages, the least number of employedpopulation of the secondary industry, the number of tertiary industry employment is insufficient, so the employment structure of the ethnic minority is a structure of "dumbbell";(4) thecontradiction is highlight between the minority population and economic development, theecological environment;(5) the impact of minority religious and customs to their populationdevelopment can not be ignored.The second part, the paper arranges in proper order to the course of development of the newminority population policy, and divides the course into three periods: the first is activelyimplementing "a population boom” policy period, the second is brewing "family planning"policy period, the third is a period of putting "family planning "policy into effect.The third part, the paper gives summary to the achievements, characteristics, experience ofthe new Chinese minority population policy, which can provide a reference for further study.The fourth part, the paper studies the difficulties in formulation and implementation of thenew Chinese minority population policy from the subject and object，and points out the mainproblems of China’s ethnic minority population policy formulation includes: the policy aim isuncertainty, the decision is lack in democratization, rewarding and supporting policies is notperfect; the main problems in implementation includes: the concept of implementation has adeviation, comprehensive management mechanism is not perfect, and the basic work is relativelyweak.The fifth part, to solve the main problems of China’s ethnic minority population policy informulation and implementation, the paper puts forward further improved proposals.Finally, the author gives the summary and points out the achieved results and the problemsof the paper.