Comparison Research On Ability Aims Of The Physics Curriculum In Senior High School

Physics as a basic subject, is one of the major science curriculums be learned in senior high school of our country. And it’s an important means to improve scientific literacy of students by physical learning to cultivate the students’ physical ability and its related ability. A series of physics course related documents issued by the ministry of education in our country also proposed that we should stress on cultivating students’ ability in basic education. At the same time, with the development of society, science and technology, many education advanced countries and regions have issued courses related to the physical file in recent years, putting forward new requirements ability training for students, and along with the end of the junior middle school physics curriculum standard revision in China, it is on the agenda that senior high school physics curriculum standard would be revised. Therefore, by referencing the experiences and lessons, through comparison of the ability aims in physics curriculum of senior high School between advanced countries or regions and China, this thesis summarizes the practice which is worth learning, aiming at providing certain reference and enlightenment for ability aims setting of senior high education of our country.This study selected the mainland China, Hong Kong, Canada Ontario, the United States, Britain, Australia, and Japan, a total of seven countries or regions as the research objects. Based on literature research and content analysis in the study, original data of countries or regions would be analyzed directly to get know their education backgrounds and systems, and then choose the appropriate physics course documents for translation and analysis. After extracting the ability aims from target content, it would be compared and analyzed. The similarities and differences of ability aims between countries or regions would be summed up finally which could propose certain suggestions for the revision of the senior high school physics curriculum in our country.After comprehensive analysis of the physics curriculum documents and generalizing the setting characteristics of ability aims, There is a significant difference between countries or regions on ability aims setting of physics curriculum, the specific performance in six aspects:the curriculum setting related to ability aims, the formal documents setting related to physics curriculum,(1) The curriculum setting related to ability aims is different. In some countries, only set one physics courses, while others set more than one physics curriculums, there are integrated curriculum, subject curriculum and ability training courses in science or physical. The Japanese curriculum is unique, they set up an independent "curriculum research science research" that, to strengthen the cultivation of students’ ability.(2) The formal documents setting related to physics curriculum is different. According to the scope of implementation of curriculum, standards can be divided into the system and more than two, a system that a country or area of a standard, this system is a standard of a country or region; according to the nature and divided into two classes according to the curriculum and the evaluation standard, including Mainland China, Hongkong, the United States of America, Canada, China, Japan and Australia are according to the curriculum standard, while the UK is aimed at the evaluation standard.(3) The presentation forms of ability aims are different. The ability targets presented in the standard are diverse. Ability aims exist not only in content objectives and evaluation target which is directly related with curriculum objectives, but also in suggestions and appendix to make supplement and instructions.(4) The organization structure of ability aims is different. The organization structure of ability aims include the name of ability, ability content description, basic requirements and illustrate., All countries or regions have explicitly put forward which and what basic requirements need to be cultivate except Japan. Moreover, America has the most detailed goals as compared to other countries. Japan doesn’t elaborating on the organization structure of ability aims.(5) The scope of ability aims is different. The division of the ability aims of physics curriculum in countries or regions is not unified. This is not unified in two aspects:first, to what content into the target is not uniform, such as the United States will establish and use as target ability of physical model, the UK and Australia will use the mathematics into ability goal; then the division of classification category of ability aims is not uniform, such as mainland China places "communication ability" into the "scientific inquiry", while Hongkong put "communication ability", independent of "scientific inquiry".(6) The deconstruction degree of ability aims is different. The deconstruction of degree is not unified on the target ability, this is not unified manifested in two aspects:The first difference is about whether the countries or regions deconstruct the ability aims, Japan put forward ability goals without deconstruction, while other countries or regions deconstruct a part of ability aims; the second point is the degree of deconstruction about same ability aims is not uniform, such as all countries and regions require that students should learn to make a choice about instruments and technology for physical experiments appropriately when it comes to "plan" ability, but British indicates that students should explain why would choose the equipments or methods additionally.Furthermore, the ability aims of physics curriculum setting exist in common, the specific performance in two aspects:the ability aims of physics curriculum in all countries or regions studied are involved in the questioning, putting forward hypothesis and prediction, planning and design, implementation, data processing and analysis, come to the conclusion, evaluate and communication; all the countries or regions studied structured the detailed requirements of ability aims in physics curriculum outside Japan.