The Measurement Research On Power Industry Chains’ Carbon Emissions Caused By Electric Vehicles’ Electricity Demand

Climate change problem has become not only a scientific research problem, butalso grown to be a global political, economic and social problem. To address climatechange, China intended to implement economic restructuring, improving energyefficiency and other measures to achieve low carbon economic development. In which,rapid development of new energy vehicles, especially accelerating the R&D andindustrialization of electric vehicles is become the key initiatives to respond to energyenvironmental pressure and achieve new economic growth points. The electric vehiclesusing electricity instead of oil and other fossil fuels as a power, is considered to be "zerocarbon discharge" transport. However, considering the carbon emissions caused byelectric vehicles’ electrical energy consumption, the electric car is also a kind of"emission vehicles. Therefore, the research of carbon emissions arising from electricitydemand on the electric vehicle has important theoretical and practical significance forachieving energy reduction targets and low carbon economic growth.In this paper, the carbon emissions caused by electric vehicles’ electricity demandmeans electric vehicles consuming unit electricity cause the carbon dioxide equivalentemissions of power chain and the power industry. The dissertation selects carbonemissions of the electric power generation side that caused by electric vehicle as thetitle, and measures the carbon emissions of the power industry and different powerenergy chains. Carbon emissions caused by Electric vehicles unit of electrical energydemand is the systematic process of emission, involving from electricity production,transmission and other emissions sectors. The study seeks to explore a suitable methodof carbon emissions measurement emerged in the development process electric vehicleindustry. At a macro perspective, the paper mainly uses two methods life-cycle analysisand scenario analysis to calculate the carbon emissions brought to the power generationside produced by the electricity demand for electric vehicle. Based on the currentsituation, it uses life-cycle analysis to measure out the carbon emission factors ofChina’s significant power energy chain. Then, it applies the scenario analysis method,analyses and set the major influence factors’ scenarios of indirect carbon emissionscaused by electric vehicle’s electricity demanded. At last, it measures out the carbonemissions brought in various scenarios. Specific study as follows:①First, the paper gives an overview and summary on the related research at home and abroad, defines the key concepts, and put forward the thesis of the technologyroadmap.②Second, the paper uses scenario analysis method, it gives a detailed analysis onthe impact factors’ evolution trend of carbon emissions caused by electric vehicle’spower charging demanded——charging efficiency, power line loss rate, plant power userate, power generation techonology, power structure in the senarios of business an usual,low carbon and enhanced low carbon, and measures out the marginal generatingcapacity of electricity industry and some important energy chain that caused by electricvehicle’s unit electricity demand.③Then, this paper uses the life-cycle analysis method, establishes a totaleconometric model and some sub-models on carbon emissions of coal-energy chain andits’ sub-links. By detailed calculations, it obtains equivalent carbon emissions ofkilowatt in power generation stage which causes greenhouse gases emissions that comefrom coal-energy chain and its sub-links. By comparative analysis, it finds that powergeneration process is the major part of greenhouse gas emissions of coal-energy chain.Hydropower, nuclear power and some other important power chain’s life cycle carbonemission factors are cited from others’ research.④Finally, combining coal-energy chain’s life-cycle carbon emission factorscalculated before and hydropower, nuclear power chain’s life-cycle carbon emissionfactors’ evolution scenarios set, it measures out carbon emission scenarios of powergeneration side that caused by electric vehicle’s unit electricity demand, and bycomparative analysis of carbon emissions levels in different scenarios, the paper putsforword key reduction solutions to carbon emissions of power sector.