The Development Dilemma And Path Choice Of Farmer Modernization

Presently, China is in an important period of economic, social and cultural transformation. Rural modernization lagged behind urban modernization. As the main body of rural economy society, Chinese farmers made many contributions in history as the relying force of the victory of revolution; during the period of economic construction, farmers made a lot of sacrifice to realize China’s industrialization; farmers created the household contract responsibility system to change the backwardness in rural areas and to promote the development of agricultural productivity. The issue of "Agriculture, Rural areas and Farmers" attracted the attention of academic circles. Therefore, it is important, theoretically and practically, to study the modernization of Chinese farmers.This Master’s thesis combines empirical research method and documents to analyze the main problems of the farmers in the process of modernization, selecting three communities in Anhui province, covering northern, central and southern Anhui. The thesis describes and analyzes how the farmers solve the problems of modernization. To achieve common prosperity, farmers without any resource advantages can develop collective cooperative economy; farmers in suburban areas can adopt the policy of "double resettlement"; farmers in mountainous areas can take the advantage of geographical resources to develop characteristic agriculture and take the road of agricultural modernization.This thesis consists of five chapters.The first chapter mainly introduces the significance and the objects of this research, defines related concepts including, modernization, human modernization and fanners’modernization and introduces the research mentality and methods.The second chapter first introduces the research related to fanners’ modernization, including both Chinese and foreign scholars’research, and then analyses the four development stages of farmer’s modernization in China.The third chapter mainly analyzes the development dilemma of three stratums of farmers-agricultural laborers, rural management, and landless peasants-in the process of modernization. The agricultural laborers are meeting the problems of low incomes, lacking ways to riches, imperfect rural social service systems, and the conflicts between traditional ideas and market economy; the rural management stratum are not fully capable and lack in systematic knowledge to develop economy and their working style is not decent; the landless peasants are meeting the problems of losing subsistence guarantee, lacking in employment skills, joys of life and emotional sustenance, low compensation for lost land, no financial management concepts, large medical, educational and other expenses and insufficient social security systems.Taking three communities in Anhui province-Qianmiao in Huainan City, the Economic and Technological Development Zone in Hefei City and Yanpu in Huangshan City-as an example, the fourth chapter makes an analysis of three types of the fanners’ modernization for farmers in other areas to learn from the experience.The fifth chapter summarizes the main idea, proposes the conclusion and points out the shortcomings of this thesis.