| The research of the evolution of rural residential land, which is a key part of LUCC, was beneficial to improve the theoretical system of LUCC. Compared to the research focus on urban construction land and agricultural land, the quantity of research focus on the rural residential land is still little, and most of them are done by macroscopic research scale. Although the patten of homestead conformity cannot be replicated due to thedifferent econmic and social conditions, there are quite a lot of relative projects with lacking the guidence of theories and policies, which make them blindness. There exist much differences of awareness and driving mechanism about direction and mode of land use between land users and land managers. The demand for land would be growing with the rapid economic growth and social development, and the importance of land revenue to the local government fanance has increased, therefore local governments’ awareness to conformity the rural residential land would be enhanced. To control the negative results the central government has promulgate some policies, but the behaviors still not be contolled effectively. The huge inertial resistance and self-awareness of right make the conflict fierce increase, which even has become a potential threat of economic development and social stability. Therefore rural residential land use conversion is one of the practical problems to be solved.The homestead policy research used to be take the optimization of land use configuration as its purpose, which focus on only land. Indeed these polices protect the arable land and control the size of the land for construction. However, it lag behind and not suited to the current socio-economic development stage. It’s necessary to go on indepth research about the rural residential land evolution by taking the policies as Livelihood, Three agriculture and the framework of man-land system into consideration, which could facilitate the coordination of multi-party conflicts of interest by protecting the rights and interests of relevant stakeholders and. And also it could provide a scientific basis for rural land use planning and land use regulation making for both the state and local government that state and local governments would promote the sustainable use of land.Based on the analysis of the mechanism of the transformation of farmers’livelihood to the evolution of rural residential land, the appropriate control measures are proposed. The paper includes the following parts:(1) The existing research base is sorted out and related theoretical concept are interpretated. Chapter one and Chapter two are inclued in this part. Research progress combed primarily through literature review, explains the concepts of rural residential land, rural homestead, farmer livelihoods and farmers livelihoods assets are explained, and the theories of man-land relationship, demand level theory, rural living space system evolution theory, farmers risk aversion theory, the theory of rational economic theory and bounded rationality of economic man are recalled; the background and significance of this thesis, the research purpose, research ideas and methods, key issues to be resolved are elaborated.(2) Chapter three is aboout the analysis of rural residential land and the the transformation of farmers’livelihood in Chongqing. Based on the analysis of Economic and social environment conditions in Chonqing, the basic characteristics of the rural households, farmers livelihoods capital accumulation capacity, farmers livelihood aspects of sustainability of the are compared.(3) Chapter four is about the mechanism of the transformation of farmers’livelihood to the evolution of rurual residential land. This is one of the core content of the paper. Based on the first-hand data, Logistic quantitative method is employed. This part include mainly research of three aspects:the effect of the transformation of farmers livelihoods on the evolution of the layout of rural residential land; the effect of transformation of farmers’livelihood on structure evolution of rural residential land; the transformation of farmers livelihoods on the intensive degree of the rural residential land.(4) The adjustment measures of the evolution of rural residential land lead by the government behavior. Chapter five is included. The mode of the transformation of farmers livelihoods in Chongqing and the corresponding government behavior are summarized. According to the pratical situation in Chongqing, the corresponding adjustment measures are recommended.(5) Chapter six is about research conclusions and research prospect. This paper conclude the analysis and put forward the future research directions. This research conclusions are as follows:(1) As the transformation of farmers livelihoods and then the diversification of farmers livelihood, agricultural resources are no longer the single orientation of farmers residential layout, thus the impact of farming radius on the homestead layout begins to weaken. However, the impact of traffic resources, public services, supporting facilities gradually increased, and the evolution of rural residential land layout change from decentralized to centralized.(2) As the transformation of farmers livelihoods, the change of farmers’need to the housing function and the gradual development of rural land planning technology, the intermal structure of rural residential land begin to evolve. The rural residential land of Non-agricultural type show the production-functional separation of living atendency, while the propotion of public facilities land such meical land and entertainment land gradually grow; the residential land of part-time farmers present production-life separation trend with the proportion of residential land increased while the propotion of culture land reduced; among the residential land of market farmers, the proportion of productive land increase while the proportion of residential land decrease; the small farmers’use of rual residential land tend to be stable.(3) The use of rural residential land tend to be intensive. The plot ratio of rual residential land belong to non-agricultural-type farmers are highest, following by those of the part-time farmers,. The rural residential land use of small farmers are most extensive.(4) The adjustment measures by the government includes:①improve the social security system of farmers;②explore different residential land transfer modes;③speed up the village-level land use planning process;④stablish the Land Exchange, launching innovative trading system.(5) Farmers responde differently to the adjustment measures. And those differentiation are affected by farmers livelihoods diversification, the degree of perfection of the rural social security system, the econmic-social conditions and farmers’individual differences in characteristics.(6) Considering regulate the use of rural residential land in the future, much attention should be paid to the aspects as follows:increase efforts to transfer of surplus rural labor to non-agricultural employment; strengthen the building of rural social security system; active renovation project of rural areas dangerous and old houses; accelerate the rural residential land transfer in the alpine areas and remote area. |
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