Study On Space Distribution Evolution Of Rural Settlement

Study on Land use and Land Cover Change (LUCC) is an integral part of global environmental change. At present, many government organizations, scientific research departments and social groups are concerned about and studying this very topic. Changsha City is a typical city in the district of mountains and hills; With a serious situation of large land-use scale, large quantity, scattered and disordered layout of its rural residential, As the pace of building Two Types of Society accelerates, it becomes a crucial and urgent problem for Changsha to improve the intensive and economical use of resource and to set up a sustainable society as well as economy. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the research on the spatial layout evolution in the rural residential areas.The main line of this essay, which is supported by geography, economics and sociology with the methods of system analysis, comprehensive analysis, GIS statistical software and Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), linear weighted method, multi-linear regression model and landscape ecological method, it probes the cores, driving mechanism, developing pattern and the optimization program of Changsha's evolution of spatial layout of the rural residential area during the last 20 years.The continual increase in the area, scale and density in Changsha's rural residential spatial layout is found out by the research, so as to the more regular form of the spots. The area increased from 84300.44 hm2 to 109534.88 hm2, average plaques area increased from 0.425 hm2 to 0.531 hm2, plaques density increased from 0.167a/hm2 to 0.174a/hm2, face margin ratio increased from 1.546 to 1.676, fractal dimension reduced from 1.679 to 1.672.The research also revealed a promotion on the rationalization of rural residential areas'spatial layout in spite of its obvious distinction in different terrains and landforms. average plaques area and plaques density in plain area is better than that of hilly and mountainous area. For 20 years, the suitability level of rural settlement spatial layout gradually improved, improved from 0.7845 to 0.8295.The main driving factors of the evolution of spatial layout in Changsha's rural residential areas included economic development, industrialization in the rural area and rural residential environment. Then this paper divided the spatial layout pattern of Changsha's rural residential areas into three types, that is Gathering Type, Stochastic Type and Well-distributed Type, respectively with the number of 17,99 and 1.Finally, it proposed the optimization scheme of Changsha rural residential areas spatial layout to be 46 Development Type,60 Control Type and 11 Break and Combine Type,meanwhile put forward the corresponding control measures.