Analysis On The Development Of Agricultural Mechanization In Guinea

The economy in the Republic of Guinea is strongly dominated by the agriculturalsector which includes, in a broader sense, crop productions, agro-alimentarytransformation, breeding, fishing and logging. The sector represents more than20%ofthe national wealth measured by the gross domestic product (GDP) and givesemployment to more than80%of the population. In a general way these are thetraditional methods characterized by the use of techniques and rudimentary means,which predominate in the Guinean agriculture. It is recognized as being one of themain factors limiting the increase and the major handicap for the agriculturaldevelopment.The level of the Guinean mechanization of agriculture still remains very low.Since the colonial period there have been many efforts to introduce mechanization infarming practices, but most have achieved limited success, and some total failure. Theprospect of mechanization in the country is currently not very productive and itsdevelopment has regressed or even stagnated. The major part of the cultivated groundis prepared by hand, using the human muscular force to do the work. The use of thetractors is practically negligible. This situation is explained by several reasons amongwhich it is necessary to quote: the absence of a vision at the national level as regardsmechanization of agriculture, low purchasing power of the majority of the smallfarmers, high costs of the agricultural equipment, lack of agricultural credit, lack ofspecialists in agricultural equipment, the selling difficulties of agricultural equipmentin certain area due to the isolation.Taking into account all these problems and especially within the frameworkto make our modest contribution to the development of the agricultural sector of ourdear fatherland the Republic of Guinea that we considered to be necessary to the endof our study of master’s degree to develop a bearing document on the topic Analysison the Development of Agricultural Mechanization in Guinea with the aim to draw upan inventory of fixtures, analyze and recommend suitable solutions for thedevelopment of the agricultural mechanization in Guinea. For its realization we have adapted the following outline:Chapter one is the theoretical framework and research methodology. This chapteris devoted to the problems, objectives, the review of the literature and themethodology of research.The Chapter Two takes about the qualitative analysis on the current status ofagriculture and agricultural mechanization in Guinea. This chapter first introduces thesocio-economic context of the Republic of Guinea that is to say geographical,economic and demographic characteristics, and secondly presents the situation ofagriculture and mechanization status since its first introduction until now in Guinea.Chapter Three is the qualitative analysis on the agricultural mechanization ofGuinea by Gray System Models. This chapter is primarily bases on the quantitativeanalysis of the data of the factors which have an impact on the development of themechanization of agriculture in Guinea by Gray System Models which was presentedfor the first time by Deng Julong in1982and was also successfully utilized in manyfields. This chapter ends with interpretation of result from the analysis.Chapter Four is the economic review and policy suggestion for the developmentof agricultural mechanization in Guinea. This chapter has been devoted to theeconomic review and policy suggestion, without forgetting identification of priorityaxes of intervention for the development of the mechanization of agriculture inGuineaChapter Five is devoted to the conclusions and recommendations. In this chapter,the findings and recommendations that are made after analyzing the problems facingagricultural mechanization in Guinea appear as necessary conditions for thedevelopment of this sector.The completion of this work was not easy because of some problems related todifficult access to documentation and the lack of updated quantitative and qualitativedata on agricultural mechanization in Guinea. This does not allow us to treat the thesisup to our ambitions. However, we believe that it can serve as a basis for futureresearchers interested in agricultural mechanization in Guinea.