| It has been confirmed that the industrial structure is an important factor affecting economic growth. Promoting China’s economic development, the industrial structure will also bring external spillovers. The changes of regional industrial structure is an important foundation for regional economic growth. So Industry concentration and aggregation has been discussed in regional economics. In particular, the external effect is brought about by the spatial concentration of industry or dissimilar industries. China is the world’s processing base, and the development of its manufacturing sector is quite fast. In the development of manufacturing process, its industrial structure to encounter a serious problem is the convergence of regional industrial structure. So it is a theoretical issue which industrial structure conducive to economic growth, the same kinds of industrial agglomeration of specialized industrial structure or heterogeneous industrial agglomeration to diversify the economy? Which model is conducive to the development of various industries, Oligopoly market structure or the market structure of the model of competition?For economic growth and industrial development, if specialized industrial structure plays a dominant role, similar enterprises will focus to a particular region. Diversified industrial structure plays a dominant role in the development of enterprises in this industry is even more the need for a diversified industrial environment, then the concentration of knowledge spillovers should be a source of innovative ideas from within the industry shifted to the exchange of ideas between industry and technology diffusion. The economic system reform and establish local control functions and status of local government, therefore, various industry specific economies of specialization in a specific time overflow and diverse spillovers. It provided reference for recommendations for local governments in the selection and to determine the regional pattern of growth and industrial development pattern. This paper selects three-dimensional panel data of19manufacturing industries from1999to2008,29provinces and cities. It uses to measure the MAR over flow, Jacobs overflow and Porter overflow formula to calculate the various sectors of specialization index, the diversification index and the index of the degree of competition. And it used the theoretical model of endogenous economic growth to establish the panel model from a global perspective and sub-regional perspective on the industry. It looked at the influence of industrial clustering model about knowledge spillover and economic growth from these two perspectives with the19industry segments in manufacturing.Although this analysis is subject to some statistical data on the constraints and other limitations, the following main conclusions has been found in-depth analysis of the manufacturing industry segments.1.From a global perspective, we find that(1)Most of the segments in the manufacturing industry (in addition to textiles) MAR spillovers have significant positive externalities, Jacobs spillover effect was not obvious, and the Porter effect generally has a significant negative externalities. Most heavy industry, especially high-tech industries is more dependent on specialized industrial environment than the light industry. The effects of the capital and labor inputs is in line with expectations, and high-tech industry’s economic growth depends mainly on the accumulation of capital.(2) Diversified industrial structure is unfavorable to the economic growth of the food processing industry, non-metallic mineral products, ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry. Other industries, production technology, market information, management methods of knowledge spillover incentive to technical progress of these three sectors is not yet offset the costs and other industries to expand their market. Therefore, the coexistence of these three sectors and other sectors is not conducive to enjoy the knowledge spillover contribution to economic growth. Technological progress and economic growth in Petroleum processing and coking industry, electronics and communications equipment manufacturing are not only benefited from the companies within the industry knowledge spillover, but also benefited from the skills, experience and information obtained from other industries.2.From a regional perspective, China’s administrative divisions standard is divided into six regional. Manufacturing industry in the six regional knowledge spillovers on growth performance, found that various sectors of the knowledge spillover effect performance in different regions is different. And it finds the industry of the region’s most suitable for gathering industry and least suitable for development in this area.(1)Industries most suitable for development in all regionsNorth China: Manufacture of Chemical Fibers, Tobacco Processing Industry, Electrical Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing, Chemical Materials and Chemical Products ManufacturingNortheast: Textiles, Fabricated Metal Products, Electronics and Communications Equipment Manufacturing, Instrumentation, Cultural and Office Machinery ManufacturingEast China: Food Manufacturing, Beverage ManufacturingCentral South:Electronic and Communication Equipment, Instrumentation, Cultural and Office Machinery Manufacturing, Ferrous Metal Smelting and Rolling Processing Industry, Fabricated Metal ProductsSouthwest: Textile, Paper and Paper Products Industry, Oil Processing and Coking Industry, Instrumentation, Cultural and Office Machinery ManufacturingNorthwest: Manufacture of Chemical Fibers, Fabricated Metal Products, Electrical Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing Industry, Ferrous Metal Smelting and Rolling Processing Industry(2)Industries most not suitable for development in all regionsNorth China: Food Processing Industry, Textile IndustryNortheast: Non-Ferrous Metal Smelting and Rolling Processing Industry, Oil Processing and Coking Industry, Food Industry, Ferrous Metal Smelting and Rolling Processing IndustryEast China: Chemical Fiber Manufacturing Industry, Ferrous Metal Smelting and Rolling Processing Industry, Food Processing IndustryCentral South: Petroleum Processing and Coking Industry, Food ManufacturingSouthwest: Electronics and Communications Equipment Manufacturing Industry, Ferrous Metal Smelting and Rolling Processing Industry, Food processing Industry Northwest:none(3)Industries no difference for developmentThis article also found that the pharmaceutical industry, special equipment manufacturing, transportation equipment manufacturing industry MAR spillovers and Jacobs spillovers significance is not obvious in the regions. Therefore, the difference in all regions is very little. The food processing industry is different in the development of the three regions of the Northwest, Northeast. Central South.3.There is quite difference between the distribution of industries which is conducive to knowledge spillovers and the actual distribution of industries.There are significant differences among the development of the most suitable industrial in the region, the development of the least suitable industrial in the region and the actual distribution of industries through empirical research. There is no significant correlation between the most suitable industrial distribution of knowledge spillover and the least suitable industrial distribution of knowledge spillover through empirical research and the actual distribution of industries, This also shows that the actual distribution of industries is not one of the most conducive to knowledge spillovers, And thus it can not fully enjoy the knowledge spillover effect on the economic growth.Compared with the other research on knowledge spillovers effect, this paper has the following characteristics:1. Detailed the study of knowledge spillovers effect. This article focuses on the industry segments and geographical breakdown, studied the knowledge spillovers effect to economic growth of the various industry segments in the manufacturing sector. It did detailed analysis on the structural mode that is needed by the knowledge spillovers effect to economic growth for each industry, and it helps countries and regions to develop more targeted policies.2. Developed panel model by time, industry, region, three-dimensional. This paper finished the each industry segment model through fixing industry dimension and changing the model into the classic, regional two-dimensional panel. This helps to avoid losing economic information by fixing the time dimension, and retain more economic information.3. This paper obtained the regional industry distribution pattern. It concluded that which industry is more conducive to knowledge spillovers and which industry is not suitable for this area in the six administrative areas through the establishment of the industry panel model from the perspective of sub-regional. It provided a reference for the formulation of the policy agenda of local governments.There are several shortcomings in this paper, however. Accordingly, we would like to make a brief introduction about how to conquer those weaknesses and further working direction as the following:1. About model. There is one possibility that the theory model (regarding how knowledge spillover can stimulate economic growth) utilized in this paper fails to completely explain the influence of professional and diversification spillover effect on economic growth. Moreover, in order to be more concise, the model invited in this paper doesn’t contain lag variables, which may result in deviation from real outcome.2. This article doesn’t consider spatial correlation of the region. We don’t study fix time samples but some time interval. This approach retains more economic information, although, Ignores the impact of spatial correlation between the regions and the potential interaction between the industry on Knowledge Spillover. So, maybe lead to the deviation and awareness on the actual situation and results. Further working, we will examine the impact by spatial correlation of the region to the innovation and diffusion of regional knowledge with adopted space panel technology. |
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