Research On Tea Industry Of Anhui Province In The Republic Of China Era

Anhui, one of the most improtant and historical province in Chinese tea industry, provides the world with many kinds of fine-qualitied and famous tea, with significance to study on. Previous researches exhibited a regional character, which mainly focuses on the Huizhou area, and the period of Qing Dynasty. This research aims on the tea industry of Anhui during the Republic of China era, by researching on chronological history of tea industry during that era; analysing the backgrounds of it; showing and discussing about the development of science and technolgy, education, economic and trades of tea, the conclusions and analyses of this research reveal the expeirences from the past, inspire the new methods for the future.The tea gardens of Anhui province in this era was managed quite inattentively, tea farmers cultived their tea gardens based on the changes of tea price, that lead to the consenesence of tea trees and desolaiton of tea gardens. The tea manufactory of Anhui tea was basicly done by hand, especially the unique craft of the famous tea like Qihong black tea, Tunlu green tea, Maofeng tea and Chrysanthemum tea; besides, some of tea science research center had adopted the machining operation during that time.Tea tax organization and laws in Anhui had been changed rapidly then, the commercial taxation of tea was rather heavy, however, it is Anhui that the first province encouraged the coorperative organization of tea farmer, the first place promoted state monopoly for purchases and marketing of tea product, so as the tea inspection. In Republic of China era, Anhui was the most important province of tea producing in China, which occupied the biggest tea output of China, and earned lots of foreign exchange for the state by the trades of Qihong black tea and Tunlu green tea.The tea science and technology in Anhui had achieved a great success as its education; both the tea improvement stations in Qimen and Tunxi reached the top level of morden tea science. The education organizations of tea had also educated many of tea science specialists, who contributed greatly to the tea industry of Anhui in this era and after.With all the achievement and development, the importance of tea industry of Anhui province can be declared. Whereas, path was rather trying, and had not stopped the decline of tea industry, for example, decrease in tea garden area, reduction of output, decline of foreign trades, graduately extensive cultivation and manufactory. In the mean time, some experiences, like the regard for tea industry of government by then, can be inspiring for developing of Anhui tea industry for nowadays.