Studies On The Impact Of Rural Human Capital On The Non-agricultural Employment In Anhui

In recent years, the non-agricultural employment of rural labor force has drawn concern of the whole society. With the economic development and the improvement of agricultural productivity, large numbers of rural labor force need to be set free from the agricultural field. Promoting the transformation of rural labor to non-agricultural field is the key of increasing the income of rural labors and boosting the development of rural economy.Located in the eastern China as well as the heart of Yangtze River Delta region and across Yangtze River, Huaihe River and the Xin’anjiang, Anhui province is a traditional agricultural province and one of China’s agricultural production bases with a large population and abundant labor resources. For a long time, the labor force in Anhui is mainly engaged in agriculture. Since the reform and opening up, the non-agricultural employment has had a very significant development while the gap between Anhui and the eastern developed regions is obvious. After the18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Anhui faced an opportunity for developing which is brought by its location and strategic position. But the high rate of farming has become the constraints of economic development in Anhui Province. How to get a high rate of non-agricultural employment becomes an important program on the table.As a key factor of non-agricultural employment, the research of human capital plays a leading role in promoting the non-agricultural employment in Anhui. According to historical statistics, the non-agricultural employment of rural labor force in Anhui has experienced an continuous increase:the rate of non-agricultural employment rose from25%in1994to50.78%in2011. The proportion of tertiary industry in all employees has also increased. There is no generally accepted method to measure the human capital in the theoretical circles, while in a way the Abundance Coefficient Method can measure the human capital comprehensively. After the measurement we find that each component of human capital has a continued increase but the structure is irrational. We need to probe into how human capital exerts influence on the non-agricultural so as to operate the non-agricultural on a better platform.The paper is structured as following:In the second chapter the author elaborates the theory of human capital and non-agricultural employment and seeks the relationship between the two from a theoretical point; the third chapter presents an analysis of the present situation and characteristics of rural labor employment in Anhui; in the fourth chapter the author estimates the stock of human capital and the influence of human capital’s each factor on non-agricultural employment; based on the previous chapter, the fifth chapter suggests increasing human capital to promote non-agricultural employment.The innovation of this paper lies in measuring the human capital in Anhui, studying the development trend in more dimensions by using the Abundance Coefficient Method as well as researching each human capital’s influence on non-agricultural employment by time-series data. The purpose of this paper is to find each factor of human capital’s influence on non-agricultural employment and then put forward policy recommendations. After studying the data from1994to2011, the author find that the stock of human capital, the scale and structure of non-agricultural employment are getting better but he internal structure of non-agricultural employment is irrational. Technical training has a more significant influence than health and education on the non-agricultural employment. Based on the findings of the study, the paper also gives some long-term and short-term suggestions on how to promote the non-agricultural employment in the angle of human capital.