A Comparative Study On Sustainable Development Systems Between Shandong And Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong Provinces

Concept of regional sustainable development is a kind of scientific concept of developmentthat adheres to the people-oriented and promotes the comprehensive economic and socialdevelopment. For a region, in order to achieve a healthy and rapid development, it has to achievecoordinated development of the region’s economic, social, and ecological environment under theguidance of the concept of sustainable development. The degree of coordination of the regionalsustainable development system also becomes an important indicator to evaluate the region’seconomic and social development. Since the reform and opening up, Shandong Provincegradually transformed from the economic growth mode to the economic-society-ecologycoordination mode and got great achievements. In order to fully understand the development ofShandong Province， this article chooses Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guangdong Province to be itscomparison object, as the three provinces have the similar location, spatial scales, national status,and natural conditions. This article emphasizes on analyzing the advantages and disadvantages ofsustainable development in Shandong Province from the state of development, spatial pattern,and overall coordination degree of the four provinces. This article also prospects thedevelopment trend of Shandong Province, and finally proposes the solution to promote thesustainable development in Shandong Province.The first part is the introduction. The introduction mainly introduces the researchbackground, significance, current research and research framework, and does the generality ofdiscourse of this research.The second part is the theoretical support and the basic situation of the four provinces. Itmainly introduces the regional sustainable development theory, regional competitiveness theory,system theory and coordination theory, and describes the basic situation of the four provincesfrom geographical environment, social environment, and economic environment. The fourprovinces have both similarities and significant differences in geographical environment, socialenvironment, and economic environment. The significant differences not only constitute adifferent initial condition for the four provinces to develop, but also become the important causefor the four provinces to form different development paths and modes in a certain period of time.The third part is the comparative analyze of the subsystems of the four provinces’sustainable development. The subsystems of the regional sustainable development includeeconomic subsystem, social subsystem, and ecological environment subsystem. This researchanalyzes the economic subsystem from economic scale, industry structure, export-orientedeconomy, and economic benefit, analyzes the social subsystem from population condition,employment situation, urbanization level, infrastructure construction, level of people’s livelihood,and gap of urban and rural, and analyzes the ecological environment subsystem from sustainableuse of natural resources, environmental pollution and protection, and construction of theecological environment.The fourth part is the comparative analysis of the coordination level and the spatial patternof the four provinces’ sustainable development system. This article builds an index system tojudge the sustainable development level of provinces and cities by index system buildingprinciple, and uses the Entropy-TOPSIS method to calculate the four provinces’ subsystemdevelopment index, comprehensive development index, and the cities’ subsystem developmentindex. Among the four provinces, Guangdong has the best comprehensive development index,the best economic subsystem development index, and the best social subsystem developmentindex, while Shandong has the best ecological environment subsystem development index. Thisarticle also tries to find the inner reason of the four provinces’ now development condition basedon the coordination level of the sustainable development system, and shows the spatial pattern of the four provinces from judging the sustainable development level of cities in the provinces.The fifth part is the advantages and disadvantages of sustainable development in ShandongProvince and the solution to promote the sustainable development in Shandong Province.According to the comparative analysis of the four provinces, this article points out that theadvantages of sustainable development in Shandong Province include the region advantage, solidagriculture foundation, plentiful mineral products, rich oceanic resources, and better regionalcoordination, while the disadvantages include low GDP-per-capita, low industry structure, poorexternal interchange ability, deficient infrastructure construction, large population pressure,fragile ecological environment, and large gap between regions. This article also points out thatShandong should still pursue coordinated development of the region’s economic, social, andecological environment to achieve sustainable development. This article also prospects somebasic figure like GDP-per-capita and population of Shandong Province, and gives the solutionsin industry structure, external interchange, infrastructure construction, employment, resourcesutilization, and environment protection to promote Shandong’s sustainable development.There are four viewpoints at the last as the conclusion. First, only the coordinatedevelopment of economic subsystem, society subsystem, and ecology-environment subsystem, isthe guarantee of the regional sustained growth points. Second, the progress of Shandong’seconomy, society and ecology-environment from the reform and open is spoken highly of. Third,from the compare of the four provinces, we can see that Shandong’s economy and society fallbehind, but the ecology-environment is developed well. Fourth, forming Shandong’s sustaineddevelopment needs the endeavor of many fields, raising long-term countermeasure to promoteShandong’s sustained development worth deeper deliberation.The creations of this research include: First, put the mechanism of sustained developmentinto provinces, and rich the theory and practice of sustained development. Second, chooseJiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guangdong as the contrast of Shandong, analyze comprehensively, andrich the region practice of the cases research of provinces. Third, find the advantages anddisadvantages of Shandong, put forward the measure to promote Shandong’s development ofeconomy and society, and lay the foundations of Shandong’s sustained development. In thefollowed research, the author will track the system of Shandong’s sustained development, renewthe data and perfect the evaluation index. With the penetration of economic globalization and thepractice of scientific outlook on development, Shandong will certainly go on a coordinate andsustained way for development, with production growth, life prosperity, andecology-environment well protection.