China’s Agricultural Import And Export Situation Since The New Millennium And Its Reasons

Since China’s accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in2001, along with the interaction between WTO member countries to reduce tariff levels to speed up the process, at the same time along with the deregulation of the quota of goods, China’s total foreign trade has been growing rapidly, trade net also has maintained a huge net. The strong long-term trend in exports, also makes the recent years, China’s GDP sustained high growth.Driven environment, the volume of trade of agricultural products in China in recent years, regardless of the import and export growth trend emerged, but the increase was of the same.2002,2003, and2004for three consecutive years, the increase in imports of agricultural products in China is much larger than the growth rate of exports, which eventually led to a trade deficit in2004, which is the first time in two decades the trade deficit. And a few years later, the continuation of agricultural products trade deficit. Since2008, affected by the financial crisis, exports growth slowed down only9.4%. Imports increased by42.8%, and imports to pay the previous two years, a sharp increase of agricultural products also will significantly expand the trade deficit reached a record$18.16billion.Continuing tendency to expand agricultural trade deficit year after year, is not conducive to the healthy and stable development of China’s economy, more is not conducive to the income growth of farmers groups accounted for the majority of China’s population. Agriculture as a strategic industry, the development of bad is bound to affect China’s social harmony and stability.Therefore, the authors believe that it is necessary to make nuanced study of agricultural trade in China in recent years to identify the reasons for agricultural products continued trade deficit, to explore ways to improve China’s agricultural exports to promote income growth of Chinese farmers’ groups, in order to stimulate sustained and healthy development of China’s economy.The traditional view, no more than two of the reasons leading to the agricultural trade deficit, barriers to agricultural trade and the appreciation of the RMB exchange rate. The appreciation of the renminbi, a direct result of our export products, high prices relative to other countries, had a direct negative impact on China’s agricultural exports.Such as Japan in2006the implementation of the agricultural chemical residues in food "positive list system, a substantial increase in imports of agricultural pesticide residues detected indicators, involving agricultural products has increased to135from130kinds, are detected to allow the presence of pesticide residues from724kinds of narrow229kinds of pesticide residue standards by9000to$28,000, which means that agricultural products to enter the Japanese market almost does not allow the existence of any pesticide residues.Rugged resource utilization due to the production of agricultural products in China, backward production levels at the same time, making the standard falls far short of China’s agricultural products in terms of quality or quality with other countries, especially developed countries enacted. Shows that trade barriers lead to a considerable extent, the decline in the exports of agricultural products in China.But in further research, I found that the non-tariff barriers to trade and the appreciation of the renminbi is largely led to a deficit in net exports of agricultural products in China, but much more than this for two reasons. In China’s specific national conditions, restricting China’s agricultural production has become increasingly prominent, as the constraints restricting the export of agricultural products, attracted the attention of the author. For example, the lack of economies of scale in production of agricultural products in China, the level of backwardness of agricultural product logistics, as well as agricultural science and technology into low. These three aspects of the impact of China’s agricultural production and exports than the trade barriers, the appreciation of the RMB exchange rate favorably.For example, missing due to economies of scale land-intensive agricultural production decreased for less than the1.3billion population of agricultural products, especially the huge food needs are not met, leading to increased imports; agricultural products logistics behind the lead logistics costsraise the market price, making China’s agricultural products to the lack of competitive advantage in the international market; technology conversion rate is low, the endless stream of scientific and technological achievements can not enter the fields can not be absorbed by agricultural practitioners accepted, it can not effectively promote increased production of agricultural products.In most areas of the country, these three aspects of performance Obviously, some even especially address the problem of bad three aspects are difficult to reverse the long-term trend of a net exporter of agricultural products in China deficit,the healthy development of China’s agriculture will have a negative impact immeasurable.This paper from three aspects to elaborate, the first comprehensive analysis of the status of China’s agricultural trade; Second, analysis of the reasons leading to the status of agricultural exports from trade policies, economies of scale, the RMB exchange rate, agricultural products logistics, and technology conversion rate, and elaborated from these five aspects; Finally, in the summary of the current situation and the crux of the problem of China’s agricultural exports on the basis of suggestions to improve agricultural production, concrete can be divided into the following four areas:to develop export-oriented agriculture, farm export competitiveness of enterprises; implement the spirit of the Central Document, increased the pace of the transfer of agricultural land contracting policy implementation efforts; improve the optimization of agricultural products logistics industry development, strengthen the construction of agricultural products logistics supply chain; actively explore diversified agricultural technology extension mode, to accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.