Research On Participating In Tourism And Sustainable Livelihood Problem Of Herdsmen

Xinjiang Kanas ecological tourism scenic area is where the Mongolian tuvaour and Kazak gathered,from generation to generation "living by the water" to grazing hunting for a living. With the developmentof economy, the increase in population of pastoral areas, grassland degradation as well as the promulgatedof national sanctuaries and settlement policies, their traditional livelihood activities was impacted. Underthe three heavy impact on economic, environmental and policy, the study of sustainable livelihood ofherders has very important practical significance.In this study, the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework for guiding, analysis the feasibility of herdsmenparticipating in tourism, analysis the conditions of herders livelihood capital with qualitative andquantitative, to explore the herdsmen livelihood capital position, and tried to explore the relationshipbetween herdsmen participate in tourism and sustainable livelihoods, in order to put forward the strategiesand suggestions, promoting sustainable development of pastoral livelihoods.This study involved in the sustainable livelihood issues of the tourism herders: firstly, analysis thatdue to the influence of ecological protection and the grazing prohibition and limit grazing policies,traditional livelihood activities of herdsmen was limited, forcing the herders searching for new ways ofliving; But tourism development has broad prospects in the studied area, and herdsmen would like toparticipate in tourism; Secondly, though to divide the main livelihood activities of herdsmen, the herdsmenlivelihood strategies are divided into3types: participation in tourism, agriculture and animal husbandry,and other non-agricultural and non-animal husbandry, analyze their characteristics respectively, and thenanalysis impact of participate in the tourism on the sustainable livelihood of herders based on which. Again,by building the measurement index of the five livelihood capitals, and through the standardizationprocessing of the questionnaire survey data, setting weights to the impact factors of the various indicators,and then calculate the index value of herdsmen livelihood capital, analysis the state of herdsmen livelihoodcapital. Finally, using the binomial Logistic regression, tried to reveal the relationship between theherdsmen livelihood capital and livelihood strategies which involved in tourism, the factors of restrictingherdsmen living sustainable were analyzed, and countermeasures are also put forward. From the aboveresearch, the conclusions are as follows:(1) Due to the constraints of geographical and climatic, the studiedarea does not suitable for development of agriculture; Due to the influence of ecological protection and thegrazing prohibition and limit grazing policies, animal husbandry development potential is not big, but thestudied area is rich in tourism resources, and the tourism development potential is tremendous, and alsoherdsmen are willing to get livelihood sustained development through participating in the tourism.(2) Asa livelihood strategy, participating in the tourism industry can cause the herdsmen labor transfer, realizingthe diversification of employment, increasing the income of herdsmen household, and promoting thesustainable of herdsmen livelihood.(3) Among the herdsmen’ five living capital, stock of human capital(0.54) is higher, the stock of natural capital (0.26), physical capital (0.29) is lower.(4) The total livelihoodcapital index value of the herdsmen which lack of human capital, lake of natural capital, lake of financialcapital, lake of social capital are all below1.70;(5) Herdsmen livelihood capital has decisive influence onthe choice of herdsmen participate in the tourism industry;(6) The herdsmen family labor force, the adultmale labor force, the level of participate in the tourism, the grassland area, and the livestock situation arehave significant effects in the choice of herdsmen participation in tourism.