| From the main modes of rocky desertification control in Fengshan, select the site conditions similar, to the same old modes "the walnut Plant-ation mode " and "toon plantation mode", and the same year " wasteland natural recovery mode " for the study. Using Analytic Hierarchy Process to establish the evaluation model, and compare the three ecological be-nefits, economic benefits, social benefits and comprehensive benefits, to chose better rocky desertification control mode and to Filter more appro-priate species, all of that is to provide a theoretical basis to explore the rocky desertification mountain ecological governance and economic devel opment. The results showed that:(1)The diversity of species. In Herb layer:The Sequence of Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H)、Simpson diversity index(D)、Number of spec-ies and Pielou Evenness index(JSW) was:The walnut plantation>wastelan-ds> toon plantation. It showed that, in the case of tree species covered, walnut understory herb layer is rich biodiversity of three types of plots, and the herbaceous layer biodiversity in the three governance model plots had not any significant differences. In Shrub layer, The Sequence of Sh-annon-Wiener diversity index(H)、Simpson diversity index(D)、 number of species and Pielou Evenness index(JSW) was:Wasteland> toon plant-ation> walnut plantation. The analysis of variance showed, shrub layer in wasteland is relatively high biodiversity, but there was no significant difference among Toon plantation and walnut plantation.(2)The soil PH value of Every plot is8.0or more, which is a typ-ical limestone mountain calcium alkaline soil, and is Suitable for the cult-ivation of walnut plantation and toon plantation. The bulk density is amo-ng1.03-1.47g/cm3. The total porosity is among50.8%-61.1%. The ventila-tion and water permeability was good, the structure was relatively reason-able. Except the available P, all of the norms just like the moisture cont-ent、pH value、bulk density、total porosity、organic matter、total N、av-ailable N、available K in the three governance model plots had not any significant differences. The value of the soil available P is:The walnut plantation (3.933)> toon plantation (1.250)> wasteland (0.900). The value of the soil available P walnut plantation was significantly higher than w-hich is in wasteland (F=7.550, P=0.005<0.01).(3)From the biomass survey, the average biomass of walnut plant w-as76.64kg, and the average biomass of toon plantation was63.74kg, th-erefore, the average biomass of walnut plant was more than the average biomass of toon plant. The capacity of Carbon fixation and oxygen ema-ncipation was better than that of toon plan. The total biomass in three Toon plots were:131.45t/hm2.86.92t/hm2and93.69t/hm2; The total biom-ass in three walnut plots were:36.8t/hm、41.87t/hm2and38.05t/hm2; The total biomass in three wasteland plots were:5.70t/hm2、1.91t/hm2and3.07t/hm2, which had low total biomass,without Tree vegetation. In each test area, the total biomass of toon plots was more than walnut plots, Signi-ficantly higher than wasteland plots(P=0.023<0.05).(4)Using the hm2as the units of measurement,the forest margin of12-year-old walnut plantation was200670yuan/hm2,and the average profit margin of which was16722.5yuan/year. The forest margin of12-year old toon plantation was62417yuan/hm2, and the average profit margin of w- hich was5201.4yuan/year. The dynamic investment recovery period of w-alnut was9.02year, and the dynamic investment recovery period of toon was11.19year.Planting walnut payback faster than toon,whose recovery time is shorter.(5)The sequence of comprehensive effects index was walnut Plantat-ion> toon plantation>Wasteland,Successively0.3911\-0.1737\-0.2173. Regar-dless chose walnut plantation or toon plantation, both of them had a hig-her Composite Index than Wasteland, meanwhile, the index of walnut mo-de was the highest, and was the optimal mode to control rocky, which had the priority. The effect index of each mode except the ecological eff-ects index:wasteland> toon plantation> walnut plantation, the economic effects index and social index of the three modes was consistent with co-mprehensive effects index, whose sequence is walnut plantation> toon Pl-antation>Wasteland. The ecological effects index of walnut plantation and toon plantation was below the ecological effects index of Wasteland, m-ost because of the Management and protection of human, not the two m-odes themselves. Among them, walnut plantation was affected most by h-uman. |
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