Carbon Emissions Calculation And Empirical Analysis On Energy Consumption Of Residential Mechanical Equipments In Construction Phase

Residential building owns two-thirds of the total construction area, which is human’s longest occupation space.Energy-saving potential of building can be20%-30%. Construction phase of residential buildings is the main stage of carbon emissions. Since construction period is generally2-5years, while the use phase up to50-70years.Compared to the use stage of construction phase, carbon emissions of construction period is more considerable. Through research, carbon emissions from all types of electromechanical equipments was received, which could effectively guide the energy management.Firstly, the GHG Protocol, ISO14064/14065and PAS2050, the main carbon accounting standards were compared and analyzed. Then, combined with product characteristics, accounting principles and construction characteristics of residential building, choosing PAS2050as the construction phase carbon emissions accounting standards was demonstrated. By drawing accounting flowcharts of carbon emissions,the system boundary and carbon source categories were finalized; the scope of existing carbon emission calculation methods were analyzed.Thus carbon emission calculation model in construction phase was established.The key and foundation to implement this model is to determine the various parameters, including activity data and emission factors. Activity data means the energy consumption of mechanical equipments, which could get from the cost management software.While through CLCD database and IPCC database,carbon emission factor of energy production, transport and consumption were obtained, and then carbon emission factors of mechanical were calculated,forming the carbon emission factor database of12categories equipment including lifting machinery, transport machinery horizontal and vertical transport machinery, pumps machinery,etc.Carbon emission calculation model was based on C#and Visual Studio development platform, which was an easy and accurate calculation tool. This software can be a good docking with the cost software, generating carbon emissions inventory data of construction period. Meanwhile, the database of carbon emission factor can be modified and changed, which ensure the accuracy of the calculated data.To further analyzing the carbon emissions pattern of residential projects,16residential buildings as the research object were selected, using carbon emission calculation software for summary calculations and statistical methods to analyze carbon emissions regular pattern from the overall and division of the projects. The empirical results showed that carbon emissions in construction phase were mainly from the use of machinery and equipment, which accounting for about2%,and the unit emission index was higher than use phase.which got to21.72kgCO2e/m2-a.Besides, related research conclusions were also provided for the construction industry to determine the carbon emission quota system of construction phase, which would have an important contribution to emission reduction.