Research On Carbon Emissions Based On The Bill Of Quantities In Fujian Construction Industry

With the deterioration of global environment,energy reduction measures have been adopted by many countries.China has proposed the total targets that unit carbon emissions of GDP in 2020 will be decreased at least 40%and unit carbon emissions of GDP in 2030 could be decreased at least 60%-65%compared to 2005,which shows Chinese determination and potential to reduce carbon emissions.Large scale buildings consume more energy and emit more carbon dioxide.Greenhouse gas emission during the construction stage is an important part of whole life cycle of building emissions.Greenhouse gas emission during the construction stage has the characteristics of intensity and concentration.So studying carbon emissions during construction stage will provide support and guidance for building better ecological civilization.Firstly,this thesis compares and the contrasts PAS2050,the GHG Protocol,and IS014064/14065 the three main carbon accounting standards.Then,after analyzing products' usage scope,accounting level,accounting methods and characteristics of construction projects,the author chooses PAS 2050 as the standard to calculate carbon emissions in construction.The author also draws accounting flowcharts of carbon emissions to finalize system boundary and carbon source categories,and then carbon emission calculation model in construction phase was established.Based on quota consumption of quantity and carbon emission factor of building materials and per machine per team,the author calculates and forms a database of carbon emission factor of per unit different density's concrete and mortar.With this database,unit quota coefficient of quantity is achieved.According formula mode of building valuation,the author replaces the market price with carbon emissions factor of materials,and replaces unite price with carbon emission coefficient of unit quota and establishes carbon emissions calculation model of construction to calculate the amounts of building carbon emissions.To further analyzing pattern and rules of the carbon emissions,this paper selects 16 buildings in Fujian as research objects and calculates their carbon emissions based on the established carbon emissions model.Then the author uses statistical methods to analyze carbon emissions regular pattern from the overall,division of the projects and percentage of materials consumption.The results shows carbon emissions of ordinary building project is largest,which is 65.86%of the total emission,and decoration project is at the second place,which is 24.99%of the total emission.Average carbon emission is 647.99kgC02/m2 and average production value of carbon emissions density is 4197.66kgC02 per ten thousand.Finally,it brings out mitigation strategies from carbon emissions policies and regulations,the selection of building materials,machinery and equipment used in the building construction,construction technology and other aspects.This research will provide convenient and available documents for parties in construction when they are setting standards of carbon emission and carbon reduction to achieve energy conservation and carbon reduction of construction projects.Carbon emissions accounting model which has combined with the engineering quantity calculation software can be popularized and used in Fujian Province to guide each party to put forward special energy-saving and emission reduction activities.Since accounting instrument is more convenient for construction engineering and technical personnel so it can be widely used in the construction industry.