Effect Of Different Fat Source In Diet To Piglet On Its Performance And Blood Biochemical Indexes And Immunity

This study explored the effect on piglet’s growth and development, biochemical indicators of blood immunological indexes for adding emulsified coconut powder, soybean oil and other lipids into piglet’s feeds, and detected the expression of TNF-α、IL-2、IL-6、IL-12B and the change of cell morphology in spleen so as to investigate the effect of lipids on immune function and to provide scientific basis for researching and developing lipid additive with more biological value and economic benefits, which could better serve the pig industry.Total of115newborn landracexlarge white piglets with balance sexes from12litters in similar age (born within5days from sows in3rd-5th parities) and similar average weight were selected and randomly divided into three groups with four replicates each. The experiment had two stages. The first stage was from7th days to21st days, and the second stage was21st days to35th days. Group method and additive of each group are as follows:In the first stage, the control group was fed with basal diet, and Treatment Ⅰ and Treatment Ⅱ were added with4%creep feed partner. In the second stage, the control group was fed with basal diet, and Treatment Ⅰ was fed with basal diet added with4%emulsified coconut powder, while Treatment Ⅱ with basal diet added with4%soybean oil. Following are the results:Firstly, the diet added emulsified coconut powder or soybean oil had no significant difference on piglets’growth performance in both stages. The weight of heart, spleen, lung, or pancreas at the21st day had no significant difference between treatments, while, heart weight of piglets at the35th days from Treatment· was significantly higher than that of piglets from Treatment Ⅱ (P<0.05); spleen weight from Treatment Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of piglets from control group (P<0.05) and Treatment Ⅱ group (P<0.01); lung weight from Treatment Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of piglets from Treatment Ⅱ (P<0.01); and pancreas weight from Treatment I was significantly higher than that of piglets from Treatment II (P<0.05). The results showed that emulsified coconut powder was better than soybean oil for piglets’ growth and development and the health of swinery.Secondly, by testing the serum of piglets at the21st days and the35th days, we found that there were no significant differences among the serum of all groups in Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin, Triglyceride,Total Cholesterol,High Density Lipoprotein, Low Density Lipoprotein at the21st days of the piglets. Moreover, the same results were found at the35th days of piglets.IgG content in serum of piglets from Treatment II at the21st days was significantly higher than that of those from control group (P<0.01), while no difference between Treatment I and control group. It showed that creep feed partner could increase the IgG content in serum of piglets and strengthen the capability of disease resistance of piglets, which could generally improve the health of swinery. At the35th days of piglets, there was no significant differences among all groups. Under the same circumstance, to compare the IgG content in serum of piglets at the21st days and the35th days, the decreased percentage of IgG content of Treatment I (55.52%) was lower than that of Treatment II (73.47%). IgM content in serum of piglets had no significant difference among all groups at the21st days, and the same results were found at the35th days of piglets.Thirdly, different lipids had no significant differences on the mRNA expression level of gene TNF-α、IL-2and IL-6of piglets. It also had no significant differences in any group by observing cell morphology and cell number in spleen. Therefore, it requires a further research on influences of different lipids on the immunity of piglets at the molecular level.