Effects Of Interactions Between Nitrogen And Sulfur On Different Genotypes Of Wheat

The experiments were carried out in experimental farm of Shandong AgriculturalUniversity in2011-2012growth seasons of wheat. Using varieties, nitrogen, sulfur threefactors are not completely orthogonal design, two wheat cultivars including Yannong19andWennong6were taken as experimental material, effects of interactions between nitrogen andsulfur in different genotypes of wheat were studied in hydroponic and field trials.1Effects of interactions between nitrogen and sulfur on the content of total sulfur, solublesulfur and insoluble sulfur of wheat in stems, leaves, and grains after anthesisNitrogen fertilizer application combined sulfur can significantly increase the total sulfurcontent and the insoluble sulfur content in the leaves of wheat. Compared with the singlesulfur fertilization, appling only nitrogen fertilizer is more conducive to improving totalsulfur content and the insoluble sulfur content in wheat leaves. Appling only sulfur fertilizercan significantly increase the soluble sulfur content in the leaves of Yannong19andWennong6in the anthesis stage, and promote the soluble sulfur of Yannong19transferringfrom leaves to outside in the late of the filling stage. Appling only sulfur fertilizer can alsopromote the soluble sulfur of Wennong6transferring from leaves to outside in0-14daysafter flowering, it is not conducive to the transferring in the late filling stage. Compared withthe single nitrogen fertilization, nitrogen fertilizer application combined sulfur can promotethe soluble sulfur of Wennong6transferring from leaves to outside in the early and latefilling stage.Nitrogen fertilizer application combined sulfur can increase the insoluble sulfur content inthe stems of Yannong19in the early and middle filling stage, and can promote the solublesulfur transferring from stems to outside in the late filling stage, and can also increase theinsoluble sulfur content in the upper node of stems of Yannong19and promote the insolublesulfur transferring in the late filling stage. Nitrogen fertilizer application combined sulfur can increase the insoluble sulfur content in the stems of Wennong6, and promote the insolublesulfur in the stems decomposing and transferring in the late filling stage. Appling only sulfurfertilizer is not conducive to increase the sulfur content in the stems of Yannong19andWennong6in the early filling stage, but it is conductive to promote the insoluble sulfur in thestems of Wennong6decomposing and transferring in the middle filling stage, and theinsoluble sulfur content in the stems significantly increased in the late filling stage. Applingonly nitrogen fertilizer can promote the soluble sulfur of Wennong6transferring from stemsto outside in the late filling stage.Appling only sulfur fertilizer can increase the insoluble sulfur content and total sulfurcontent in the grains of Yannong19and Wennong6in the early filling stage, but it is notconductive to increase the insoluble sulfur content and total sulfur content in the grains in thelate filling stage. Appling only nitrogen fertilizer is conductive to increase the total sulfurcontent in the grains of Yannong19and Wennong6and the insoluble sulfur content in thegrains of Yannong19. Compared with the single nitrogen fertilization, nitrogen fertilizerapplication combined sulfur can increase the insoluble content in the grains of Wennong6inthe late filling stage.2Effects of interactions between nitrogen and sulfur on the content of total nitrogen, solublenitrogen and insoluble nitrogen of wheat in stems, leaves, and grains after anthesisThe total nitrogen content of upper position leaves is higher than the lower position leavesof Yannong19and Wennong6after anthesis, because the transferring content of lowerposition leaves is more than the upper position leaves. Both applying only nitrogen fertilizerand nitrogen fertilizer application combined sulfur are conductive to increase the nitrogencontent of Yannong19and Wennong6in the early filling stage, and promote the nitrogentransferring from leaves to outside in the late filling stage. Nitrogen fertilizer applicationcombined sulfur can increase the soluble nitrogen content in the leaves of Yannong19in theanthesis, and promote the soluble nitrogen transferring from leaves to outside in the latefilling stage. Applying only nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the soluble nitrogencontent in the upper position leaves of Wennong6in the early and middle filling stage, but itis not conductive to promote the soluble nitrogen transferring from leaves to outside in thelate filling stage. Both nitrogen fertilizer application combined sulfur and applying only nitrogen fertilizer are conductive to promote the insoluble nitrogen in the leaves of Wennog6decomposing and transferring in the late filling stage. Applying only nitrogen fertilizer is notconductive to increase the total nitrogen content and soluble nitrogen content in the leaves ofYannong19and Wennong6.Compared with the single sulfur fertilization, applying only nitrogen fertilizer can increasethe soluble nitrogen content in the stems of Yannong19and Wennong6, and promote theinsoluble nitrogen in the stems decomposing and transferring after anthesis. Compared withthe single nitrogen r fertilization, nitrogen fertilizer application combined sulfur is moreconductive to increase the total nitrogen content and the soluble nitrogen content, butsignificantly increased the insoluble nitrogen content in the stems of Yannong19in theanthesis, it is not conductive to promote the insoluble nitrogen in the stems decomposing andtransferring in the early filling stage.Nitrogen fertilizer application combined sulfur is conductive to increase the total nitrogencontent and soluble nitrogen content in the grains in the late filling stage. Applying onlynitrogen fertilizer is conductive to increase the soluble nitrogen content in the grains.Applying only sulfur fertilizer can increase the insoluble nitrogen content in the grains ofYannong19in the early and middle filling stage, however, different treatments have nodifference in the insoluble nitrogen content in the grains in late filling stage. Compared withthe single nitrogen fertilization, applying only sulfur fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizerapplication combined sulfur are more conductive to increase the insoluble nitrogen content inthe grains of Wennong6.3Effects of interactions between nitrogen and sulfur on photosynthetic and dry matteraccumulation in wheatUnder the experimental conditions, nitrogen fertilizer application combined sulfur can notincrease the photosynthesis rate of flag leaf and the grain filling rate in the early and middlefilling stage, and it in not conductive to increase the grain yield. On the conditions of base totopdressing N ratio is relatively small, the photosynthesis rate of flag leaf has no significantdifference between the sulfur fertilizer as basal and sulfur fertilizer as basal and jointing ofWennong6, however, sulfur fertilizer as basal and jointing can decrease the photosynthesisrate of flag leaf of Yannong19in the middle and late filling stage. On the conditions of base to topdressing N ratio of1:2, sulfur fertilizer as basal and jointing can increase thephotosynthesis rate of flag leaf of Wennong6after anthesis, but it has no significantlydifference in the photosynthesis rate of flag leaf of Yannong19after anthesis. On theconditions of the same base to topdressing N ratio, sulfur fertilizer as basal and jointing canincrease f the grain filling rate of Wennong6in the middle and late filling stage, and increasethe grain yields, but it has no significant influence in the grain filling rate of Yannong19.Nitrogen fertilizer application combined sulfur can significantly increase the dry matteraccumulation and the contribution of dry matter translocation amount to grains of Yannong19and Wennong6after anthesis, but it can not increase the dry matter accumulation amountof single stem after anthesis of Yannong19and Wennong6. On the conditions of a higherbase to topdressing N ratio, sulfur fertilizer as basal and jointing is conductive to increase thedry matter accumulation in the anthesis of Wennong6and the dry matter accumulationamount after anthesis and the contribution of dry matter assimilation amount after anthesis tograins, however, it has no significant influence in the dry matter accumulation and the drymatter translocation amount after anthesis of Yannong19.4Effects of interactions between nitrogen and sulfur on the grain yield and grain quality ofwheatBoth applying only sulfur fertilizer and applying only nitrogen fertilizer can increase thegrain yields of Yannong19and Wennong6, nitrogen fertilizer application combined sulfur ismore conductive to increase the grain yields of Wennong6, but has no significant inference inthe grain yields of Yannong19. Compared with the single sulfur fertilizer, both applying onlynitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer application combined sulfur are conductive toincrease the grain protein content of Yannong19and Wennong6, however, differenttreatments have no significant influence in the grain quality. On the condition of base totopdressing N ratio from1:1to1:2, the grain yields of Yannong19is increased, but the grainyields of Wennong6has no difference. On the conditions of the base to topdressing N ratio of1:2, sulfur fertilizer as basal and jointing can significantly improve the grain yields and grainquality of Wennong6, and it has no inference in Yannong19.