| Field experiment were carried out on the farm of Henan aricultural university, during 2006-2008, using two winter wheat cultivars Lankao aizao 8 and Yumai 49-198 as test materials. The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of different sulphur application, and different irrigation treatments ,and their combinations on photosynthetic characteristics, adverse-resistant characteristics (the materials content and enzyme activity in ascorbic acid and glutathione circulatory system), yield and main quality traits of two winter wheat cultivars. The results were summarized as follows:1. Effects of Irrigation and sulphur and their interactions on photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheatTest results showed that the provision of appropriate sulfur fertilizer increased the SPAD value and photosynthetic rate in flag leaf of two wheat varieties. Compared with control, sulphur increased LAI of wheat at different growth stages, and keeping higher LAI at late-filling. Under the different irrigation times, photosynthetic rate at late filling stage of two wheat cultivars showed W2>W1>W0. It showed that reasonable irrigation increased the photosynthetic rate of wheat leaves, increased material accumulation and translocation of wheat plant, and finally increase biomass and grain yield. Analyzed the influence of different sulphur rate under different irrigation times on photosynthetic characteristics, we knew that photosynthetic rate, LAI and SPAD value increased in various degrees with sulphur application.2. Effects of Irrigation and sulphur and their interactions on the materials content and enzyme activity in ascorbic acid and glutathione circulatory system of winter wheatCompared with control, sulphur application increased GSH and AsA content and improved the activity of APX, GR and GST in flag leaf of winter wheat. The whole determination period, it showed that GSH and AsA content under sulphur application was higher than control, the activity of APX, GR and GST patients was identical. Compared with control, drought stress increase GSH and AsA content in flag leaf of wheat cultivars, under the different irrigation times, the activity of APX, GR and GST were increased in various degrees too. Analyzed the influence of different sulphur rate under different irrigation on GSH and AsA content, the activity of APX, GR and GST, which showed that sulphur application increased GSH and AsA content, the activity of APX,GR and GST in various degrees under drought stress.3. Effects of Irrigation and sulphur and their interactions on Endogenous Hormones content in flag leaf and grain of winter wheatTest results showed that changing trend of IAA, ZR, GAs and ABA content in flag leaf of two wheat cultivers were inconsistent under the different irrigation, but that of sulphur application was higher than control. GAs and IAA content in grain of two wheat cultivers showed sulphur application treatment higher than control, ZR content expressed same trend but that was higher than GAs content; ABA content was different among irrigation times, it was lower at sulphur application than control under W1 and W0 of two wheat cultivers.4. Effects of Irrigation and sulphur and their interactions on yield and yield components of wheatExperiment results showed that S60 higher than S30 and S0 on the ear number and 1000 grain weight of Lankao Aizao 8, It was no significant difference with the sulphur application on the grains per spike and yield, but it showed that the S60 was highest. The wheat cultivars of Yumai 49-198, it showed that S60 was higher than S30 and S0 on the grains per spike, 1000 grain weight and yield. Compare with control, the grain yield of Lankao Aizao 8 increased 12.7%, and Yumai49-198 increased 19.7%, this result showed that sulphur application can improved grain yield of wheat under the experimental conditions. Response of two wheat cultivars was basically identical under irrigation treatment. it showed that W2 was higher than W1 and W0 on the grains per spike, 1000 grain weight and yield. Analyzed interaction effected of irrigation and sulphur, the era number, grains per spike and 1000 grain weight of two wheat cultivars was inconsistency, but the yield of two wheat cultivars with W1S60 was the highest, Applying 60kg·hm-2 of S combined with irrigation at jointing stage was the ideal management regime for the high yield.5. Effects of Irrigation and sulphur and their interactions on part of the quality of grain.Compared with control, sulphur application improved starch content and protein content of grain, it showed that the S60 was highest. Protein component showed the albumin content and globulin content with S60 was higher than S0 on. Gliadin content and Glutein content was not different on the wheat cultivers of Lankao Aizao 8, also sulphur application treatment was higher than control, but it was significant differences on the wheat cultivers of Yumai49-198. Analyzed of dough rheological characteristics and starch paste characters, we showed that sulphur can improve wheat quality on some degree. Under different irrigation, Globulin content, Gliadin content and Glutein content was decreasing with the irrigation times, and reached significant differences, Albumin content showed W1 was higher than W2 and W0, Glutein content showed W1 was highest, but it was not significant differences on the irrigation treatment. Amylopection content and Starch content of two wheat varieties showed W0 was higher than W2 and W1, Amylose content of Yumai49-198 was showed too. With the wheat variety of Lankao Aizao 8, the Peak viscosity, finally viscosity and Setback showed the W1 was highest, and reached significant differences on the irrigation treatment in the two years. With the wheat variety of Yumai49-198, the Peak viscosity, through viscosity and finally viscosity showed W0 was highest in 2006-2007, and W1 was highest in 2007-2008, and reached significant differences. With the wheat cultivers of Lankao Aizao 8, the Development time, Degree of softening and Extensibility showed W0 was highest in 2006-2007, Development time, Stability time and Risistance showed W1 was highest in 2007-2008, and reached significant differences. With the wheat cultivers of Yumai49-198, Development time, Stability time and Risistance showed W1 was highest in two years, the results showed that reducing irrigation times was improved dough rheological properties.Further analysis of the effected of interaction, the protein content of the Lankao Aizao 8 wheat variety showed the W0S30 was highest, the Albumin and Globulin content showed W1S60 and W1S30 were highest, and Gliadin and Glutein content showed W0S60 was highest. With the wheat cultivers of Yumai49-198, protein content showed the W0S60 was highest, the Albumin and Globulin content showed W2S60 and W1S60 were highest, Gliadin and Glutein content showed W1S300 and W0S30 were highest. With the starch pasting properties, finally viscosity of wheat cultivers of Lankao Aizao 8 showed W1S60 was highest in two years, and Finally viscosity of wheat cultivers of Yumai49-198 showed W0S60 was highest in 2006-2007, W1S60 was highest in 2007-2008. With the dough rheological characteristics, Extension Resistance of wheat cultivers of Lankao Aizao 8 showed W2S60 was ideal management in 2006-2007, and W1S60 was it in 2007-2008, with cultivers of Yumai49-198, Development time and Extension Resistance showed W2S30 was highest in 2006-2007, and W1S30 was ideal management in 2007-2008, it showed that response of interaction of sulphur and irrigation was difference on the different wheat variety. In conclusion, it was suggested that 30-60kg·hm-2 sulphur application and irrigated once at jointing stage would be improved grain yield and quality of winter wheat under N P K ratio of the basis of reasonable.
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