The Research On The Private Salt And Anti-smuggling In Three Provinces Of Northeast From The Late Qing Dynasty To The Early Republic Of China

Salt is the people’s life must taste, salt tax is an important source of national finance,so the study of the salt industry is one of the emphases on the history. Northeast region asthe study area, based on archival documents, the end of the Qing period, the change ofthe situation of the Northeast Salt, salt smuggling class, anti-smuggling measures, andfurther study of the characteristics of the Northeast Anti-smuggling.This article consists of three parts, as follows:The first part introduces the Northeast Salt status and the prevalence of private salt.The northeastern region of salt production, the imposition of the salt tax, Salt institutionsto establish and change. The two types of illegal salt enumerate the northeastern region,domestic the Private Salt and foreign Private Salt. High salt tax, salt smuggling prices arelow, people are willing to buy out of economic interests, and peddling highly profitable,so the salt traders dare hawking the Northeast regional Private Salt prevalent. Private Saltproliferation of the most direct consequences of poor sales is the official salt, affectgovernment revenue, and social unrest.The second part of the government’s anti-smuggling measures. Both the QingDynasty and the Republic of China government attaches great importance to theinvestigation of illegal salt, take the following measures: First, the development of thesalt smuggling anti-smuggling laws, investigation of permissions explicitly punishtrafficking Private Salt and Salt institutions. Secondly, the establishment of theanti-smuggling agencies, the main responsibility for the investigation of private salt, andcontinue to strengthen the anti-smuggling force. Again to strengthen the regulation ofprivate salt production, transportation, processing, sales and other sectors to combat saltsmuggling activities. Finally, the mobilization of local government, water monitoringforce to assist the anti-smuggling.The third part to explore the characteristics and existing problems of the NortheastSalt anti-smuggling. Relative to other provinces in China, northeast regionalanti-smuggling agencies to establish late, but the three provinces unified planning anti-smuggling matters. Around the anti-smuggling activities are the main focus of theirthe Private Salt, northeast regional anti-smuggling initially also in the investigation oftheir Private Salt, the Russo-Japanese war, the growing impact of outside private theprivate mainly the Northeast Anti-smuggling activities outside. Northeast China due toinstitutional build short time, lack of strength, coupled with the interference of foreignforces, the Northeast Anti-smuggling activities more difficult.