Research On Thought Of Mao Zedong’s New Socialist Countryside Costruction

The establishment and development of the Chinese Communist Party are based on the worker-peasant alliance, which makes agriculture and peasant the indispensable power of the development of Chinese Communist Party. Ever since the founding of New China, the Chinese Communist Party deeply understood the importance of agriculture, peasant and rural areas, therefore for the first generation of national leaders headed by Mao Zedong set forth their objections to build a new socialist countryside in the early years, which has continued up to now. From1949to the "Cultural Revolution", Mao Zedong has been discovering and exploring for the construction of a new socialist countryside in all aspects, and brought a system thought for the new rural construction.The thesis is divided into four parts. Firstly, the background and significance of researching Mao Zedong’s thought of building new socialist countryside are stated, and direction classification and literature review are done as well for the previous research results, which established the theoretical basis for this paper. Secondly, the sources of building new socialist countryside thought are analyzed and introduced. There are three main aspects, Marxist classical writers’thinking on rural development, inherent emphasis on agriculture ideas and Mao Zedong’s own experience of rural background, and the conclusion from the long-term revolutionary practice. Then, the discussion is stated out from two levels, the basic contents and measures for building new socialist countryside in the early years of the new nation. For the content level, the rural economic, political, cultural and social public utilities construction are interpreted and researched in four directions; For the measure level, the organizational form of the establishment of the people’s commune, the launch of mass movement, the hard work and plain living, and urban and rural overall development, are considered. Finally, the experiences and lessons of the thought of Mao Zedong’s new rural construction are summarized-during the collectivization, having ignored the family-run advantage, leading the reduction of farmers’ enthusiasm for production, followed by the rush to industrialize the country, paying insufficient attention to the interests of the rural areas and peasants, which made the burden on peasants increase; committing the error of the equalitarianism and empiricism once again, and underestimating the peasants, resulting in the agricultural economy to the brink of collapse. It follows that the Chinese Communist Party should focus on improving the enthusiasm of farmers, should proceed from reality with policy development, should step up the training of new peasants and focus on livelihood issues.The founding of Mao Zedong’s thought of building a new socialist countryside is a combination of rural construction theory of the basic principles of Marxism and China’s actual national conditions, to explore Chinese characteristics, which has successful experience and also failures. Reliving the Mao Zedong’s thought on the construction of new socialist countryside has enough reference for current new rural construction.