A Comparative Analysis Of Political Participation Of Residents In Urban And Rural Areas Based On Institutional Analysis Perspective

Political participation is the essential requirement of the development of democracyand an important measure of democratic political scale, the development of moderndemocratic political process is the process of expanding political participation. As earlyas in the mid-19th century, Marx and Engels on the political participation of theproletariat theories were discussed in detail, and the leadership of the proletariat to carryout a large-scale political participation in practical activities, this is a modern socialistcountry democratic politics involved in practical activities carried out to lay a theoreticalfoundation.With the acceleration of the democratic process of modernization in China, thegovernment actively promote citizens ’orderly political participation, and constantlyimprove the level of citizens’ political participation. Expand political participation ofcitizens, the breadth, depth and validity, improve and perfect contrast degree of matchinstitutionalized political system, smooth channels of expression of the interests ofcitizens, to enable citizens to fully enjoy their democratic rights; while clear itsparticipation in the limits, reasonable constraints and control the behavior of thenon-institutionalized political participation weaken the negative consequences of politicalmodernization, the effective maintenance of political stability and building a harmonioussociety, the significance of this study.In this paper, relevant literature carried out a detailed and classified to determine thestarting point of this study, and from the research contents and methods on the followinginnovations: This article from the macro, meso and micro levels of urban and ruralresidents on the impact of political behavioral factors were involved in innovativetheoretical explanation. Based on institutional analysis framework, the system is dividedinto political participation and non-institutional political participation politicalparticipation, by using the "2006national urban and rural residents comprehensiveresearch data"(CGSS2006), using empirical methods tested educational level,occupational status, involving into organizational and psychosocial factors on the impactof political participation, and political participation of urban and rural residents the statusof a comparative analysis, and ultimately come to a more valuable research conclusions. The study found that residents of the country, control the social attributes of gender,ethnic, and religious belief, the above variables on political participation there is theurban-rural differences: to improve the level of education of the major inhibitory systemof political participation of the rural residents; career the position is to promote thepolitical participation of the rural residents of the system, inhibition of itsnon-institutional political participation; involved in political organizations of theurban-rural differences, while promoting the system of political participation of urbanand rural residents, and involvement of other organizations, only the city residentssystem of political participation there is significant with a catalytic role; strengthen thesocial and psychological factors (political efficacy sense, a sense of duty, trust in a sense)significantly improve the urban residents, the system of political participation in, whichthe political efficacy of sense and political obligations sense is, respectively, inhibition ofthe city, and rural residents of non-institutional political participation.To sum up, in a society, social mobility and opportunity, and status attainment, andsocial level of organization and sense of community and social psychological factorswhich together determine the level of political participation of citizens, and this willinevitably lead to a dual society of the Urban and Rural statistically significant differencebetween the status of urban and rural residents in the structure of political participation.