"Mo" Of The Semantic Relations Between The Guest Structure

The predicate-object structure is a basic syntactic structure in ancient Chinese language,consisted of predicate and object. The academic study of ancient Chinese grammar made thesemantic relations of the predicate-object structure attract great attention, people graduallyrealize its complexity and diversity and has achieved certain accomplishments.But, there are fewstudies of the predicate-object semantic relations based on the approach of special books anddating which are not favorable for investigating its development in the whole Chinese history.Mozi is valuable material for the study of pre-Qin Chinese with its rich content and lots ofspoken language. The paper selects Mozi which is written in the late Warring State Period as thedata, using the quantitative analysis, the combination of description and interpretation method,summarizing the semantic relations occurred in the book, the paper tries to depict the types,characteristics and general situation of semantic relations between predicate-objects of the bookand have a further explanation of its development status and development trend in the pre-Qinera, in order to make a supplement to the special book grammar studying of the whole Chinesehistory. The full text is divided into six parts:The introduction part introduces the significance of topics and research methods, Mozimaterial value and its present research, and the contemporary research status of thepredicate-object semantic relations.The first chapter is the theory part of the thesis and is divided into three sections. The firstsection briefly discusses the basic structure of predicate-object structure, the forms of thepredicate-object structure and compares it with predicate-complement structure; in the area ofpredicate-object relations, the second section states the reasons of its diversity from the syntactictheory, the Chinese own characteristics, history of Chinese language and pragmatic aspects andanalyzes the relationship with the active using of verbs; in addition, the last section states thecontext’s restraining effect on the semantic relations from the pragmatic perspective.The second chapter describes the predicate in Mozi. The predicate mainly contains verbpredicate and noun, adjective; numerals are also used to serve as the predicate. According to thebasic meaning of the verb, the verb predicate is divided into action verbs, psychological verbs,present verbs, similar verbs, causative verbs, directional verbs.The third chapter depicts the object in Mozi. The paper mainly describes the object from thecomponents and semantic types of object. The object in Mozi is consisted of substantive andpredicative words and the semantic role is classified into thirteen categories: patient, agent,shishi and so on, in addition, the bi-object structures are also been described. The fourth chapter is the key part of this article and is divided into two sections. Accordingto the semantic relations between verb and object, the first section divides the predicate-objectsemantic relations in Mozi into thirteen categories: dominance relationship, Shi Verb relationship,Yi Verb relationship, Wei Verb relationship, Yin Verb relationship, Dui Verb relationship, YuVerb relationship, Gei Verb relationship, Yi Verb relationship, Chu Verb relationship, Jiao Verbrelationship, Yu Verb relationship, Bei Verb relationship, besides, each category is analyzed byspecific examples; in the second section, the paper describes the semantic relations of bi-objectstructure, and classifies it into three classes: dominance relationship, Shi Verb bi-objectstructures and Wei Verb bi-object structures, then based on the semantic features of verbs, thedominance relationship is divided into giving class, Jiaoshi class, Chengwei class and Qudeclass.In the part of conclusion, the paper summaries the basic situation and development ofpredicate-object semantic relations, and concludes: there are complicated semantic relationsbetween predicate and object in Mozi and the dominance relationship is in the dominant position;the situation that using the predicate-object structures to express complex semantic relations isgradually reduced and the p-o structure is going in the fine and accurate direction.