Research On The Transition And Status Of The Russian Federation National Policy

There are many ethnic groups in Russia. Ethnic issues have always been one of the most important elements that affect national stability and development. Soviet Union adopted the policy of self-determination and the policy of compensating the minority groups. Instead of promoting ethnic integration, they become more divided because of the ethnic separatism caused by economic crisis and worse living standards. Soviet Union went collapse overnight. After the collapse, Russian government and scholars had a reflection on it:what are the problems of ethnic group policy in Soviet Union and how should Russian government improve the ethnic group policy. Our nation is also a nation with many ethnic groups. By studying and summarizing ethnic group policy in Soviet Union we can get inspiration on ours.This thesis mainly adopted documentary research method and is supplemented by comparison method. This thesis mainly discussed the adjustment and system of ethnic group policy in the beginning period of Russia, and it also explored the ethnic group problem and policy trend in Russia and the inspiration on China.This thesis firstly introduced the background of Russian ethnic group policy, including the historical research on ethnic problems in Tsarist Russia period, Stalin period and post Stalin period, and on the Russian population and main ethnic issues. According to the background knowledge, we can draw the conclusion:resolving ethnic conflicts, dealing with ethnic relations is the primary problem confronted the Russian government, and they have to make out the nationally appropriate ethnic theory and policy. Based on the conclusion, this thesis analyzed the adjustment adopted by the Russian government after the break-down of Soviet Union, for example:correcting the policy of self-determination, avoiding the argument of ethnic self-determination and ethnic equality to dilute national consciousness; changing "ethnic equality" into "equality of civil rights" to advocate human rights and civilian rights are higher than ethnic rights; making ethnic policy diversified. Then this thesis discussed the basic principles, main task, content, and purposes of Russian ethnic policy, and elaborated the ethnic culture self-determination policy:"ethnic culture self-determination is one of the effective methods to realize ethnic rights and interests", and to adopt ethnic culture self-determination policy can effectively develop and improve ethnic relations. This part mainly introduces its legal basis, basic principles, main content, the scope of specific embodiments, significance, and the remaining problems. In addition, this thesis analyzed the current situation of Russian ethnic policy, including a series of problems caused by ethnicity national administrative region and immigration. Generally speaking, Russian ethnic policy is in accordance with their state conditions. Russian ethnic conflicts are easing, and ethnic relation is stable. But due to many reasons, some agreements on ethnic relation cannot be carried out, so ethnic conflicts cannot be completely resolved. By analyzing the current Russian ethnic policy and reflecting on the Soviet Union ethnic policy, this thesis gave out the similarities and difference between China and Russia. We can get the inspiration that strengthening ethnical unity and consciousness as Chinese, avoiding extreme mistakes and foreign intervention in solving ethnic problems, achieving common prosperity of all ethnic groups is the top priority in our modern ethnic policy.