The Comparative Study Between Speed Skating Athletes In Colleges And Universities And Chinese Elite Athletes Of Their Body Shape,Bodily Functions And Physical Quality

Body shape，bodily functions and physical quality have been attached greatimportance to the field of athletic training and athlete selection. In the process ofdiscussing and exploring the training and selection of different athletes accordingto their body shape，bodily functions and physical quality of athletes, China hasfound that it is necessary to make more in-depth discussions of relations betweenthe body shape, bodily functions, physical quality of athletes and theirperformance as the speed skating teams of colleges and universities are the reservestrength of Chinese speed skating teams, by constant in-depth investigation.Based on an abundance of evidences and statistics, the paper involves comparativestudies between athletes in colleges and universities of Heilongjiang province a ndelite athletes in China of their body shape, bodily functions and physical quality ofby means of interviewing experts，questionnaire survey, mathematical statisticsand comparative research. The tests and investigations result in twenty sixindexes and derived indexes of body shape，bodily functions and physical qualityof speed skating athletes in colleges and universities and elite speed skatingathletes in China. Twelve relative high indexes have been screened out from thetwenty six indexes and derived indexes by questionnaire survey and interviewingexperts in speed skating field. Through the analysis of main components and mainfactors of the twelve indexes and derived indexes, it has been obtained that most ofthe indexes related to the performance of speed skating athletes in colleges anduniversities are the indexes of body shape and physical quality, while the indexesrelated to elite speed skating athletes of China are the indexes of body shape andbodily functions. The result of this research reflects that a faster way for speedskating athletes in colleges and universities to acquire good performance is toenhance the training of their physical quality. Through the comparisons betweenthe speed skating athletes in colleges and universities and the elite speed skatingathletes in China of their body shape，bodily functions and physical quality, it isfound that there is no significant difference between the speed skating athletes incolleges and universities and the elite speed skating athletes in China of their bodyshape, but there are significant differences of their bodily function and physicalquality. The result shows that speed skating athletes in colleges and universitieshave the good body shape of elite speed skating athletes, but their bodily functionsand physical quality have significant differences compared with those of the elitespeed skating athletes in China. It is found that those two significant differencesare resulted in the unbalance of their training time, training content and training load, and the wrong training concept of their coaches. To enhance the overall levelof speed skating athletes in colleges and universities, the supervision of trainingtime and selections of speed skating athletes should be emphasized.