Study On Characteristics Of Body Shape And Physical Quality Ofjunior Track And Field Athletes In Heilongjiang Province

Body shape and physical quality are two mainly factors for competition results. However, how to improve junior athletes'performance through taking proper interference of their body shape and physical quality is the way to go. And the coaches also need to know clearly the relationships between body shape, physical quality and competition results. Therefore, by using the methods of documentary; measurement, mathematical statistic, this dissertation has made a full analysis through different views of age, sex, the athlete's specialty of and a comparative analysis with the national selection standard of junior athletes. Besides, to further demonstrate the three relationships of body shape, physical quality and competition results.The result shows that①Heilongjiang junior Track and Field athletes have characteristics of better Lower limb B?Height×100 indexes compared to national talent selection standard, and the proportion of thigh and calf's length index has the opposite. Male athletes have the characteristic of their middle finger space higher than national standard, but the females haven't; The height of women high jumpers and man sprinters is the better level than national standard, as well as the middle finger span minus Height of male throwing athletes those aged at 12～13. However, those aged 14～15 have the opposite characteristic.②With all four physical qualities , speed physical quality is the best for athletes age 13～15, jumping is the opposite; Physical qualities of 14～15years old athletes have the characteristic below national standards.③Body quality effects by body shape in 74.4%.④The proportion of thigh and calf's length, chest circumference, Lower limb B?Height×100, weight?Height×1000 and weight have a remarkable positive correlation with the competition results of female sprinters and hurdlers; Sitz-height has a remarkable positive correlation with the male thrower'competition result, but The proportion of thigh and calf's length, Lower limb B?Height×100 have the remarkable negative correlation with female thrower's competition result; The Calf's length and high have a remarkable correlation with male jumper.⑤Jumping ability has the positive effect on the performance of sprinter and hurdle athletes; Speed quality only has the minor effect on 13years old man 5000meters walking race and the 14～15 man shot-put;It's improper to set the softball as the event to test the physical quality of hurdler and walker.