Research On The Operation Problems And Institutional Choices Of Sports Enues In China

With the Olympic Games and other international sports tournament settled in China,and the flourish of National Games, National City Games and other large-scalecomprehensive sports tournament, a considerable number of large sports venues were built.In China, as a significant part of public sports service system, large sports venues are also akind of important public goods to meet the needs of the People’s sports requirements. Themanagement of large sports venue became a worldwide problem because of the largeconstruction scale and the high operating and maintenance costs. Governments at all levels,sports administration, and the large sports venues themselves actively expanded theoperations of large stadiums, they have tried to implement social, market-orientedprivatization operations, and the sports venues’ operating conditions had been promoted.But there are still some prominent issues should be settled, such as the unreasonablestructure, the outdated institutional mechanisms, the weak capability of operation andmanagement and the inadequate supporting policies. It needs the joint efforts from sportsvenues, academia and politicians to crack the operational problems.Using adopts literature, field trips, expert interviews, logic analysis and other researchmethods, we had visited21large sports venues nationwide, interviewed the stadiumoperators, the head of government and sports administration department and domesticstadiums research experts in the field. On the basis of full investigation and the use themodel of Social Operating Mechanism, the operation problems of the management of largesports venues can be divided into five aspects, including motivation problems, incentiveproblems, control problems and protecting problems. And then, we put forward fiveinstitutional choices to crack China’s major sports venues operational challenges based onthe theory of Institutional Change and Rational Choice, Public Choice Theory and PublicGoods Theory. We can come to the following conclusions. Firstly, corresponds to the five social operation mechanisms, such as power,integration, motivation, control and protecting. there’re five problems in the operatingprocess of China’s sports venues, including unreasonable function, unbalance developmentof body and non-body, high cost of taxes, supervision anomie and fuzzy ethics andinadequate policies and regulations.Secondly, corresponding to the problems in China’s major sports venue operations, weput forward five institutional choices, including multi-party coordination system, resourcesharing system, taxes inclined preferential system, third-party regulatory system, popularparticipation in the decision-making system, to crack China’s major sports venuesoperators problem.Thirdly, in macro scope, the choice of large stadiums operation system is a gradualinstitutional change. Therefore, the reform and adjustment should be operated only fromthe aspects of mechanism and institution. In micro scope, it is a institutional changecombined with induced changes and mandatory changes, the institutional system to cracklarge sports venues should be chosen from multiple angles such as the sports venues and hepublic, which are the endogenous body, as well as the government, which is the externalbody.