Research On MAO Zedong’s Education Practice And Idea During His Stay In Hunan First Normal

China’s modern history is the era that is historical turning point, full of blood and humiliation, the protests and explorations. From the failure of Reform movement of1898to the eve of the May Fourth movement, the Chinese modern intellectuals had been thinking and exploring an important problem of saving the nation through education. This is a kind of social ideological trend appeared in special background of modern China. They think that the cause of China’s poverty, backwardness, and being invaded is due to the ignorance of countrymen and the backward science, with the root of the unpopularity and underdevelopment of education. As long as the development of education, can we turn the people from ignorant to wise, the country from weak to strong, poor to rich, ultimately achieve the purpose of saving the nation from subjugation. So education the idea of saving the country through education became part of the patriotic intellectuals in modern China’s national salvation, young MAO zedong, is no exception.Since childhood, young MAO Zedong had strong patriotic consciousness and awareness of unexpected development, early influenced by Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao’s "Education is Priority" idea, sought to transform Chinese society in the process of deep concern and serious thinking about the problem of saving country through education. Especially in1913, MAO zedong chose to enter himself for an examination of normal major and was admitted to The Fourth Normal School of Hunan Province, and shifted into Hunan First Normal School. In here, deeply influenced by Yang Changji and Xu Teli and many other teachers who shared the idea of saving country through education, he believed more firmly that transforming the state and society," the key priority should be in school education, and urgent task is to educate new citizens and develop the ability of talent", and during this period, MAO Zedong launched a series of practice of saving country through education. He started night school for workers, established Xinmin Academy Journal, edited of Xiangjiang Review, set up Cultural Publishing House, founded Hunan Self-study College, reformed school education and all that series of education practice.The origin and development of his education practice is not only affected by his early reading life, but from the more open, democratic and advanced education concept, from the teacher’s serious and instructive teaching of First Normal. These practices formed the core of the early MAO Zedong thought in saving their nation:saving the nation through education. But after the May Fourth movement, all kinds of ideas flooded into China. MAO Zedong sought to explore the best way of saving the nation from subjugation through ongoing research, experiment, and constantly sublation, replacement. In the end, he chose the Marxist Theory of the proletariat as the pursuit of national salvation revolution, which was the choice through practice, and through the keen observation of Chinese society at that time.This article is divided into six parts concerning Hunan First Normal’s impact on MAO Zedong’s education practice and ideas. The first part mainly introduces the research background of this master thesis, significance, domestic and foreign research trends and methods. The second part expounds the historical conditions with MAO Zedong’s thinking on education practice, respectively from the profound cultural background, the long-term extensive influence of the theory of saving the nation through education since modern era, and teachers’function as models to him in First Normal. The third part introduces the influence of First Normal’s education concept on MAO Zedong’s thinking on education, mainly from the education idea with freedom and democracy, education mode of adoring both literacy and warrior with automatic autonomy, combination and penetration of ancient and modern, Chinese and western education content, and the education methods that encourge wholeheartedness and Practice What You Preach, learn to meet practical needs and foster capability of students. The fourth part introduces MAO Zedong’S education practice during his work with First normal, actively participated in the foundation of Night School for workers advocating the civilian education, established a Xinmin Academy and organized the work-study programs, edited Xiangjiang Review and founded Cultural Publishing House, tried to found Hunan Self-study University and practiced the new education idea and reformed teaching system of practice as a principal of the primary school attached to First Normal. The fifth partexpounds the MAO zedong’s education idea formed when he was in First Normal, mainly including:education and social transformation, lay equal stress on the three aspects of education, and whole development of body and mind, combining learning with labor, theory with practice. The last part appraises the education thoughts of MAO Zedong during his stay in First Normal and, points out its influence on the current education and reference significance.