A Study On The Private Education During The Meiji Restoration Period

It was the truly first sense of education reform in Japan’s modern history during the Meiji restoration period. Under the influence of the nationalist education system and the center of official schools, it made a great progress for the official and public education. While, at the same time, the private education also presented a new development situation, then initially laid the public-private dualistic structure of education system in the modern history of Japan and promote the development of the private universities in Japan’s modern society, and then further the revival and development of Japanese economy. Therefore, it is good for our full understanding of the Japanese education, cultural, economic and political characteristics in modern society to study the situation of the private education in Meiji era,This thesis mainly adopts the method of data analysis and a combination of history materials and analysis to discuss the private education development, characteristics, the existing defects and impact in the Meiji restoration period by collecting and organizing the Chinese and foreign relevant historical materials and using the method of data table analysis.It mainly lied in the aspect of private kindergartens, private schools, private secondary schools and private high schools for the development of private education in Meiji era mainly. Specifically, it presented the declining tendency for the Japanese private education in primary and secondary education, while in kindergarten and high school education, it presented the trend of sustainable development, especially for the development of the private high school. For example, in the year of1903and1913, the number of private schools made the proportion of the total59.6%and65.1%, it occupied more than half of the total school number. While, it also existed some shortcomings of Japanese private education, such as the different development standard, the gradual lack of school characteristics, the lack of fund and the high tuition and so on. As a result, the private education shows the characteristics of public welfare and compulsory in the private primary and secondary education. While in the aspect of private higher education, it increasingly presents the comprehensive and systematic characteristics.This paper consists of two parts which are introduction and text, the text is divided into five chapters. They are the review of Japan’s private education development before the Meiji restoration, the analysis of the background of the private education, the situation of the private education development during the Meiji restoration period, the characteristics, disadvantages and influence of private education development during the Meiji restoration period. With the guidance of national policy and the education laws and the development of the industry industrialization, the private education had obtained steady development. Through this topic study, it is not only beneficial to the relatively comprehensive and profound understanding of the private education, but also be a certain inspiration and reference to our country’s current private school education.