Study On Land Use Change Characteristics And Their Driving Forces Under The Background In Tourism Development In Xingwen Geopark

Land resources are the physical infrastructure of human survival and development, and it is the basic source of human wealth. For this reason, Land-Use and Land-Cover Change was proposed by international Geo sphere-Bio sphere Program(IGBP) and international Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change(IHDP) in1995. So land-use change research has become the forefront and hotspot of global change study. This research used the first land use investigation data, the second land use investigation data and social and economic statistics of Shihai of Xingwen country to analyze the pattern of land-use change by using Arcgis and other software. First of all, this research obtained the characteristic of land use in Shihai town based on land use status, and analyzed the temporal and spatial variations character of land use from1995to2010through the calculation of the extent of land-use change, the speed of land-use change and the relative rate of land-use change. Then it calculated social benefits, economic benefits and ecological results in Shihai town for15years represented by land-use intensivism and Ecological Service Value. At the last, this research discussed the influence of altitude, gradient, river system, arterial traffic and park development zone on the land use change of Shihai town using comprehensive dynamic degree of land use, a single land use dynamic and land use degree comprehensive index to reflect, and disclosed its driving mechanism of land use change based on the elaborate analysis of relationship between these influencing factors and land use change. The result proves that:(1) The land use of Shihai town dramatically changed during the year of1995-2010. Analyzing from the extent of land-use change, change range of forest land and unutilized land are most obvious which were25.81%and-14.04%. Analyzing from the speed of land-use change, the speed of garden plot changed fastest, then unutilized land and forest land. This reflects that the general trend of land use change is the increase of forest land and the decrease of unutilized land, indicating that land use efficiency and ecological environment had improved greatly.(2) We could find that forest land and unutilized land changed most drastically in both park development zone and surrounding areas through comparative study. But there were some differences between the variation characteristics of park development zone and surrounding areas:In the park development zone, unutilized land changed most obviously focusing on economic growth while in the surrounding areas, forest land changed most drastically focusing on environmental protection. Moreover, analyzing from the relative rate of land-use change, we found that the quantities of cultivated land, construction land and forest land in Shihai town southern were more than those in Shihai town northern, reflecting the development of tourism played an important part in land use change in Shihai town.(3) The land use of the benefit was remarkable in Shihai town. Land economical and intensive utilization degree was promoted continually, and ecological environment improved significantly while the economy of Shihai town had grown rapidly and the urbanization level gradually improved. Land-use intensivism increased nearly2.5times, and the forest areas increased substantially in order to the improvement of Ecological Service Value.(4) All kinds of natural and human factors interacted and produced a farreaching influence on land use change in Shihai own. Among these factors, both altitude and gradient had an important impact on land use change showing environmental resistance. That is to say, land use change gradually smoothed with the rise of altitude or the increase of slope. This environmental resistance, however, was weakened because of local politics. And river system had complicated impact on land use change which decreased and then increased with more and more distant from the river. It explained that river had both environmental resistance and thrust on land use change. At the last, arterial traffic and park development zone all performanced resistance on land use change. More specifically speaking, it would promote the change of land use with the continuous development of the tourism industry which would lead to the increase of road and the perfection of tourism infrastructure.