The Impact Of Employment Opportunitities For The Selections Of Migrant Workers’Destination Between Local Province And Other Provinces

In1990s, the scale of labor migration has been further expanded in china. Undoubtedly the economic factor is the most important factor for the labor migration. Many scholars believe that the main reason that affects population to migrate provincial or inter-provincial is unbalanced social economic development level among provinces. And the difference of average personal income has greatest effect on the area selection of rural labor migration. The provincial economic development level represents the local employment opportunities. And the employment opportunities are almost same in areas with same economic development level. So the higher economic development level in one province, the more internal employment opportunities this province has, which cause higher probability of labor migration provincial while lower probability of labor migration inter-provincial. However, the original population rate between urban and rural areas is difference in every area of our country. So it is perhaps feasible to use per capita GDP to measure the level of economic development, but it has obvious problems in reflecting the non-agricultural employment opportunity of the local rural labor.This research mainly focuses on the selective problem of rural labor migration provincial or inter-provincial, using the push-pull theory to do further research on the factors that influence the selection of rural labor migration provincial or inter-provincial. This study suggests that the main factors that influence the selection of rural labor migration provincial or inter-provincial is relative to the non-agricultural employment opportunity of the local rural labor in this area. By calculated the per capita GDP, the economic development level of a certain area may be high, but if there is more rural labor in this area, it is less likely to attract the external rural labor to move in, while the outward migration of local rural labor may be more. Instead, another area may have not too high economic development level, but the local rural labor is relatively less, the non-agricultural employment opportunity in this area is relatively more, which not only can solve the employment problem of rural migrant workers in this area, but also attract rural labor in other areas to migrate in.In this paper, China’s second national agriculture census materials compilation (end of2006) and China statistical yearbook (2007) are used to verify the hypothesis above. The results show that the per capita non-agricultural industry scale that calculated according to the rural labor in one province main affects the rural labor migrate provincial or inter-provincial. And the larger per capita non-agricultural industry scale is in one province, the more non-agricultural employment opportunities of rural labor the province has, and the rural labor tends to migrate in this province. The results prove that employment opportunities are the main factors that attract labor to do migration selection. For the rural labor, the non-agricultural employment opportunities are the really attraction in reality. They concern about the difficulty of employment firstly, and the income gap secondly. At the same time, the quantity of employment opportunities will be generally reflected on the income level in similar labor level. Therefore, rural labor tends to migrate to the province with relative more non-agricultural employment opportunities. This study has certain reference significance to future research, and at the same time, understanding the rural labor migration area selection also can help governments to formulate corresponding policies.