Research On The Migration Of Rural Surplus Labors And Institutional Contruction

The transfer of surplus rural labor force is an inevitable phenomenon in the context of industrialization and rapid urbanization, as well a worldwide rule in economic and social developing process. The extensive applying of new agricultural manufacturing technologies and improvement of agricultural mechanization and modernization enables rapid development of agricultural labor productivity thereby generated a large number of surplus rural labor forces. Transfer of surplus rural labor force is a significant means to improve labor productivity of the whole society, also a necessary measure to promote the sound development of China’s economy. As a developing country with dominant agricultural population, the absolute size of the surplus rural labor force is large in China. Therefore, the transfer of surplus rural labor is not only an economic issue, but also a prominent social problem. In the21st century, the disproportionate distribution of rural labor forces led to this phenomenon that in some places rural labor forces are seriously surplus while other places are in labor shortage. The reason is institutional factors headed by Household Registration System, which formed under our country’s current binary social-economic structure, constrained the transfer of surplus rural labor forces. Therefore, it’s necessary to further reform and improve relative system that affects China’s surplus rural labor transfer system, speeding up the transfer process, finally achieve the coordinated development of urban and rural economy.Supported by Western Labor Mobility Theory, this paper aims to explain the latest research achievements in the field of surplus rural labor forces transfer system, both domestic and abroad. By reviewing the background, evolution and impact process of China’s surplus rural labor transfer system, applying comparative analysis and qualitative analysis as research methods, based on feature and present stage of surplus rural labor force transfer system in China, primarily analyze the restraining effect of the institutional barriers during the transfer process, particularly household registration system, land system, employment system, social security system, education system and other institutional barriers constrained this transfer. Conclude that form a comprehensive institution is an effective resolution of surplus rural labor force transfer, based on analysis of problem in rural surplus labor transfer system and through expedition surplus rural labor transfer process in developed countries. Finally, propose the countermeasure of how we construct surplus rural labor forces transfer system from the following six aspects:household registration system, land system, employment system, social security system, education system, information technology system. Provide practical recommendations for the government to develop a logical surplus rural labor transfer system to effectively promote surplus rural labor force transfer in orderly, smoothly and continuous way.