Research On The Effective Transfer Of Surplus Rural Labour Of Rut An City

After the carrying out of the reform and opening-up, china achieved the outstanding success. With the rapidly developed economic and the obviously promoted national comprehensive strength, there’s still some problems needed to be solved. The most urgent and long-exited problem is called "agriculture, countryside and farmers". And the effective transfer of surplus rural labor is the key to this problem, which can also promote urbanization process and advance the development of economic.Rui’an is located in the southeast of Zhejiang province, has the great subtropical monsoon climate, which is also called "a land of milk and honey". Rui’an is the first five districts which accomplished the modernization of agriculture and countryside. The permanent population in Rui’an reached1,424,700, which is the most in Wenzhou. In2012, the population in labour force in rural area is717,400, and the population of the qualified labour force is642,400. However, the law of reasonable cultivation provides the reasonable population of labour force in agriculture is119,700, which means that the597,700labour forces is redundant. With the development of rural society, the surplus rural labour was effectively transferred to industry, building industry, transportation, warehousing which brought the greatly descent of the number of surplus rural labour. The estimated number of the surplus rural labour is75,000(this is the relative surplus). What is worth mentioning, more than half of those qualified labour are not from Rui’an, and the last ten years meet rapid growth of population which from other places. Those people from less developed area pouring into Rui’an put pressure on transfer of surplus rural labour. Under such kind of situation, the key problems are the improvement of the labour qualify, that taking the most advantage of labour resource and the promotion of the development of society.This thesis describes the theory of the transfer of surplus rural labour, analysis the significance of the transfer of surplus rural labour. Though the comprehensive research, found out the restricting factors, and provided the transfer process, the countermeasure and the suggestion. The main results are as follows:1. The characteristics of rural labour in Rui’an:①The resource of Rui’an rural labour is plentiful, and the male proportion is11.2%more when compared with the female one.②The educational level is low, most of them are not finished their junior high school. A survey of the qualification of rural labour illustrates that only11.2%of them finished their junior college,16.59%of them finished their high school or technical secondary school, and72.25%of them only or even not finished their junior high school.③The variety of employment structure, most of them to be employed in farming, forestry, fishing, husbandry and industry, which is157,900(take proportion of24.6%)and247,700(take proportion of38.6%). The others serviced in building industry, transportation, warehousing, post and telecommunication, information transmission, computer service, software, wholesaling and retailing are36.8%.2. The feature and limitation of transfer of surplus rural labour. The feature of transfer:①The population of the transfer is large, and most of them are young and middle-aged.②The speed of the transfer is stable.③The way and direction is various.④Most of the transfer is nearby.⑤Most of the transfer are part-time. In the process of the transfer, there are some limitations under the influence of macro economy and other factors:①The comprehensive management of the society was lagged down.②The total qualification of employees are not high.③The cultivation of the rural labour was not enough.④The pressure of the transfer from the labour force from other places.3. The main way and policy recommendations to promote rural surplus labor of Rui’an in effect. The surplus rural labor of Rui’an can be transferred in these main ways: agricultural internally absorbed, private sector employment, cross-regional employment. The policy recommendations to promote the migrate rural surplus labor of Rui’an city in effect is:①Take the development road of urbanization with Rui’an characteristics. Strengthen the capacity of macro-control, accelerate the reform process, slowing population growth and supply of labor force.②Promote the migrate rural labor on Rui’an city in multi-channel. Accelerate development of tertiary industry in rural, expand the channels of labor transfer; adhere to the part-time migration and individual migration.③Strengthen labor education and training. Increase the investment of education resources, and carry out the specialized training vigorously.④Introduction of policies to encourage and support. Creating a relaxed policy environment, improve the employment environment of the rural labor force into the city, improve the employment service network of grass roots, improve the service system of Market-oriented employment, improve and refine the form of services.