The Investigation And Countermeasures Of Landless Farmers In Yangling

Land has always been the basis for the protection of farmers’ material life. In recentyears, with accelerating country urbanization and industrialization development, a largenumber of land were expropriated, resulting in many farmers lost their land, and the numberof landless farmers continuously increased. Due to the late start of China’s urbanization andindustrialization, there are lots of problems with landless farmers, such as land expropriationsystem remains perfect, social security and assistance system need further complete, the lackof a unified and coordinated management agencies, employment difficulties and lack ofprotection of life and other issues. Investigating the life circumstances of land-lost farmersand making an initial solution to their existed problems would benefit the economic andsocial development in entire Yangling district or the whole country.In current study, we conducted a survey of Yangling District, including three townshiptwo streets and26villages and149landless farmer families, through village survey and thehousehold survey. The results showed that up to54.5%farmers lost their land in Yangling,aging rate was12.3%, endowment insurance and health insurance rates were66.7%and97.4%, resecptively. Based on the investigation, we made a comprehensive understanding ofthe current income, the status of employment, livelihood security, land acquisitioncompensation of Yangling landless farmers, and pointed out the existing problems and theunderlying reason. Through collecting and analyzing related information of domestic andforeign countries, the author offered following suggestions and strategies to solve theproblem of landless farmers.First, deepening the reform of the land system. The clarification of property rights is thecore of the land system reform. The farmers possess land property rights would ensure theunity of land tenure and use rights, the right of return and the right to dispose; improve theland acquisition procedures need to complete the relevant laws and regulations. We shouldsupply farmers with the land acquisition information, ensure the right of participation andspeak out. Furthermore, we should strengthen the supervision of the land acquisition process,in which highlight the principles as open, fair, justice, taking into account the efficiency. Inaddition, the scope of land acquisition should be strictly limited, and land acquisition procedures should be added to the audit of public interest to strengthen supervision. Allcommercial land must be traded on market.Second, building up more rational land requisition compensation and resettlementsystem. Well-developed legal system of compensation for land acquisition is required.Limitation of the administrative intervention by the government in the process of landacquisition would be better. Some other strategies should be taken, such as expanding thescope of land requisition compensation, diversifying the ways of land acquisition andcompensation.Third, improvement of the social security system for landless farmers. With this respect,we should increase capital investment, and strengthen management and supervision invarious security systems.Fourth, expansion of the channels of employment of landless farmers. The governmentshould play a leading role in promoting employment rate. We could vigorously develop thelocal economy. Through the joint efforts of governments and individuals, the landlessfarmers’ re-employment would be comprehensively promoted.Fifth, development of the rural social endowment career. The government shouldactively expand sources of endowment funds, and improve economic capacity to pay for therural older. Moreover, we could employ some other strategies, such as building up adiversified rural old-age, improving service levels, the establishment of rural socialendowment supervise and evaluate the mechanism, improving the service policyspecification.