The Relationship Research Of The New Generation Migrant Works In Human Capital And Income

Since the reform and opening up, China has a large number of rural labor getting into city,which became migrant workers. Migrant workers work and live in the city, but they still have rural household registration, unable to enjoy the social welfare which only the city residents have. With the industrialization of China’s economic,the number of the migrant works will be increased faster, and there are more than250million migrant works now,most of then are the new generation migrant works. They are showing some new features and structures. Compared to the previous generation of migrant workers, the new generation migrant works have a higher education and more professional skills.But compared with the contemporaries, they are still at a weak position.Most of them are working in the low-wage industries,such as accommodation and catering industry, transportation and warehousing industry and construction industry. With the meager income, the new generation of migrant workers live a frugal life, and can not be settled down in the city just as the older generation of migrant workers. More and more social problem will emerge with the increasing of the number of the new generation of migrant works.In the process of China’s urbanization, the revenue problem of the new generation of migrant works will be one of the most important issue of China. This paper try to study this problem in human capital perspective.there are five chapters in this paper,which successively are introduction, theoretical foundation,current situation analysis,empirical analysis,conclusions and recommendations.The Introduction section analyzes the background, significance, methods and content of this paper. At the beginning of this century, the new generation of migrant workers gradually getting on the stage of history, they are young, educated, skilled, strong self-awareness and thinking more diversified. There are more things and benefit they naturally want to have but the social can not offer. So there are some conflicts between the migrant works and the social reality. How to solve this problem become a hot research spot. Many related researches showed that low income problem was one of the most prominent factors which the new generation migrant works want to change. This paper try to solve this problem by using Econometric model.The second chapter reviews the human capital theory and the theory of wages, and summarized the related opinion of China. Human capital theory experienced the early Incipient idea, ideological development period, the theory conformation period and theory application period. The founders of the modern human capital theory is Schultz and Becker, they have the same thought that human capital is the cohesion in the labor body with knowledge, skills and demonstrated ability.They pointed that the human capital is an important factor to promote economic growth. This paper will add another important factor of human capital which traditional human capital theory was not contained,that is effort. Wages theory evolving with the progress of society, the classical period of wages theory explained what the wages are. They thought wages were the capitalist offered for the workers to sustain their life and their family’s life.But this opinion ignored the factors of human development. The modern wages theory pointed that wages should be offered by the labor efficiency and resource allocation, which was in line with the social pursuit of efficiency.The third chapter comprehensive analyzed the characteristics of China’s new generation migrant workers, as well as the current situation of their human capital and income. We worried about the human capital of the new generation migrant workers,as well as their income. They have a lower education and work in the low-wage industries. The average income of the new generation migrant workers is not only less than the previous generation migrant workers, but also less than the half average income of the urban workers. Matthew effect is also existing between the human capital and income,that shows:high incomeâ†'high human capitalâ†'high income and low incomeâ†'low human capitalâ†'low income. Obviously, to break the vicious cycle Matthew, the government and the society must play an active role, otherwise the gap between the rich and the poor will be widened.The fourth chapter is the empirical part of this paper, this chapter quantitative analysis based on404questionnaires data which collected in Shenzhen, the paper use education level, work experience, cross-regional employment, in-service or pre-service training, the level of effort and on-the-job personal education elements to do regression analysis. The regression results show that the level of education, work experience, level of effort and the job of self-education, and training the amount of investment have significantly effect on income, and trans-regional employment, on-the-job or pre-job training have failed to pass the test of significance.The fifth chapter is the conclusions and recommendations section of this article. the recommendations was given from the government, enterprise, family and personal point of view. The recommendations from the government’s point of view is that the government should continue to increase investment in rural education, to intensify the popularizing nine-year compulsory education, to support and encourage the development of vocational education, to improve the laws and regulations to formate a free labor market, to establish a special funds for training and to establish the city schools for the children of migrant workers. From the enterprise’s perspective, enterprises should strengthen cooperation with the schools, to support the generation migrant workers working academic education, and at the same time improve the level of professional training which for the new generation migrant workers. From the point of view of the families and individuals’perspective, families should develop family education to cultivate their children’s outstanding personal qualities, and make every effort to support their children to receive higher education. And the individuals should re-educate themselves, to constantly improve their own level of knowledge and ability.The main innovation of this article may be reflected in:First, collecting and collating data, empirical data are the author first-hand information obtained through the form of a questionnaire, which is quite valuable; secondly,enrich the category of the human capital by adding effort; third.expand the scope of the new generation of migrant workers, putting college students of the rural household registration into the category of migrant workers. The main deficiency of this article maybe is that the data sample size is small and the empirical method is to draw on the research of others, does not have my own innovation.